{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T16:31:29Z","timestamp":1770913889799,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,15]],"date-time":"1999-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":921456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We have identified a novel gene in a gene trap screen that encodes a protein related to the DnaJ co-chaperone in E. coli. The gene, named Mrj (mammalian relative of DnaJ) was expressed throughout development in both the embryo and placenta. Within the placenta, expression was particularly high in trophoblast giant cells but moderate levels were also observed in trophoblast cells of the chorion at embryonic day 8.5, and later in the labyrinth which arises from the attachment of the chorion to the allantois (a process called chorioallantoic fusion). Insertion of the ROSA\u03b2geo gene trap vector into the Mrj gene created a null allele. Homozygous Mrj mutants died at mid-gestation due to a failure of chorioallantoic fusion at embryonic day 8.5, which precluded formation of the mature placenta. At embryonic day 8.5, the chorion in mutants was morphologically normal and expressed the cell adhesion molecule \u03b14 integrin that is known to be required for chorioallantoic fusion. However, expression of the chorionic trophoblast-specific transcription factor genes Err2 and Gcm1 was significantly reduced. The mutants showed no abnormal phenotypes in other trophoblast cell types or in the embryo proper. This study indicates a previously unsuspected role for chaperone proteins in placental development and represents the first genetic analysis of DnaJ-related protein function in higher eukaryotes. Based on a survey of EST databases representing different mouse tissues and embryonic stages, there are 40 or more DnaJ-related genes in mammals. In addition to Mrj, at least two of these genes are also expressed in the developing mouse placenta. The specificity of the developmental defect in Mrj mutants suggests that each of these genes may have unique tissue and cellular activities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.126.6.1247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T03:58:12Z","timestamp":1619409492000},"page":"1247-1258","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":101,"title":["<i>Mrj<\/i> encodes a DnaJ-related co-chaperone that is essential for murine placental development"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Patricia J.","family":"Hunter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, and the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bradley J.","family":"Swanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa A.","family":"Haendel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3 Neuroscience Training Program"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary E.","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin 4 Department of Anatomy , , Madison WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Cross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, and the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023090516055326300_DEVELOP_126_6_1247C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(96)00890-3","article-title":"Gcm1, a mammalian homolog of Drosophila Glial Cells Missing","volume":"393","author":"Altshuller","year":"1996","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"2023090516055326300_DEVELOP_126_6_1247C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1997.8541","article-title":"In vitro preselection of gene-trapped embryonic stem cell clones for characterizing novel developmentally regulated genes in the mouse","volume":"185","author":"Baker","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dev. 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