{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:00:52Z","timestamp":1791302452358,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,15]],"date-time":"2000-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":947894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Whereas considerable progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of axon guidance across the midline, it is still unclear how the axonal trajectories of longitudinal pioneer neurons, which never cross the midline, are established. Here we show that longitudinal glia of the embryonic Drosophila CNS direct formation of pioneer axon pathways. By ablation and analysis of glial cells missing mutants, we demonstrate that glia are required for two kinds of processes. Firstly, glia are required for growth cone guidance, although this requirement is not absolute. We show that the route of extending growth cones is rich in neuronal cell bodies and glia, and also in long processes from both these cell types. Interactions between neurons, glia and their long processes orient extending growth cones. Secondly, glia direct the fasciculation and defasciculation of axons, which pattern the pioneer pathways. Together these events are essential for the selective fasciculation of follower axons along the longitudinal pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.127.2.393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T04:17:09Z","timestamp":1619410629000},"page":"393-402","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Glia dictate pioneer axon trajectories in the <i>Drosophila<\/i> embryonic CNS"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Alicia","family":"Hidalgo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cambridge Neurodevelopment Group, Department of Genetics , , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwendolen E.","family":"Booth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cambridge Neurodevelopment Group, Department of Genetics , , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023090515152952900_DEVELOP_127_2_393C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1007\/s000180050378","article-title":"Glia as mediators of growth cone guidance: studies from insect nervous systems","volume":"55 (11","author":"Auld","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences"},{"key":"2023090515152952900_DEVELOP_127_2_393C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1038\/260054a0","article-title":"Pioneer neurones in an insect embryo","volume":"260","author":"Bate","year":"1976","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023090515152952900_DEVELOP_127_2_393C3","first-page":"317","article-title":"Embryogenesis of an insect nervous system II: A second class of neuron precursor cells and the origin of the intersegmental connectives","volume":"61","author":"Bate","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. 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