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We show that RXR\u03b1 is apparently dispensable for prenatal epidermal development, while it is involved in postnatal skin maturation. After the first hair pelage, mutant mice develop a progressive alopecia, histologically characterised by the destruction of hair follicle architecture and the formation of utriculi and dermal cysts in adult mice. Our results demonstrate that RXR\u03b1 plays a key role in anagen initiation during the hair follicle cycle. In addition, RXR\u03b1 ablation results in epidermal interfollicular hyperplasia with keratinocyte hyperproliferation and aberrant terminal differentiation, accompanied by an inflammatory reaction of the skin. Our data not only provide genetic evidence that RXR\u03b1\/VDR heterodimers play a major role in controlling hair cycling, but also suggest that additional signalling pathways mediated by RXR\u03b1 heterodimerised with other nuclear receptors are involved in postnatal hair follicle growth, and homeostasis of proliferation\/differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes and of the skin\u2019s immune system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.128.5.675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T04:40:14Z","timestamp":1619412014000},"page":"675-688","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":175,"title":["RXR\u03b1 ablation in skin keratinocytes results in alopecia and epidermal alterations"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Mei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Cellulaire, CNRS\/INSERM\/ULP, Coll\u00e8ge de France, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Chiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Cellulaire, CNRS\/INSERM\/ULP, Coll\u00e8ge de France, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Warot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Cellulaire, CNRS\/INSERM\/ULP, Coll\u00e8ge de France, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Messaddeq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Cellulaire, CNRS\/INSERM\/ULP, Coll\u00e8ge de France, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"G\u00e9rard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Cellulaire, CNRS\/INSERM\/ULP, Coll\u00e8ge de France, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Chambon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Cellulaire, CNRS\/INSERM\/ULP, Coll\u00e8ge de France, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Metzger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Cellulaire, CNRS\/INSERM\/ULP, Coll\u00e8ge de France, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023051200263499300_DEVELOP_128_5_675C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90139-0","article-title":"Limited diversity of gamma delta antigen receptor genes of Thy-1+ dendritic epidermal cells","volume":"55","author":"Asarnow","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2023051200263499300_DEVELOP_128_5_675C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830111013","article-title":"F4\/80 a monoclonal antibody directed specifically against the mouse macrophage","volume":"11","author":"Austyn","year":"1981","journal-title":"Eur. 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