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Although each pharyngeal arch is segmented by the reiterative formation of endodermal outpocketings called pharyngeal pouches, the molecular network underlying the reiterative pattern remains unclear. Here, we show that pax1 plays critical roles in pouch segmentation in medaka embryos. Importantly, pax1 expression in the endoderm prefigures the location of the next pouch before the cells bud from the epithelium. TALEN-generated pax1 mutants did not form pharyngeal pouches posterior to the second arch. Segmental expression of tbx1 and fgf3, which play critical roles in pouch development, was almost nonexistent in the pharyngeal endoderm of pax1 mutants, with disturbance of the reiterative pattern of pax1 expression. These results suggest that pax1 plays a critical role in generating the primary pattern for segmentation in the pharyngeal endoderm by regulating tbx1 and fgf3 expression. Our findings illustrate the critical roles of pax1 in vertebrate pharyngeal segmentation and provide insights into the evolutionary origin of the deuterostome gill slit.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.130039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T02:40:56Z","timestamp":1459478456000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Reiterative expression of <i>pax1<\/i> directs pharyngeal pouch segmentation in medaka (<i>Oryzias latipes<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1242","author":[{"given":"Kazunori","family":"Okada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 111 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan"},{"name":"Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience and National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiji","family":"Inohaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Information, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Mise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 111 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Kudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Information, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Takada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience and National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan"},{"name":"Department for Basic Biology, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Wada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 111 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042608334874600_DEV130039C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4613","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.19.4613","article-title":"Fgf8 is required for pharyngeal arch and cardiovascular development in the mouse","volume":"129","author":"Abu-Issa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2021042608334874600_DEV130039C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12027","article-title":"The African coelacanth genome provides insights into tetrapod evolution","volume":"496","author":"Amemiya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021042608334874600_DEV130039C3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1111\/dgd.12104","article-title":"Design, evaluation, and screening methods for efficient targeted mutagenesis with transcription activator-like effector nucleases in medaka","volume":"56","author":"Ansai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev. 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