{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T04:21:54Z","timestamp":1792210914645,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R15NS075918"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R15NS075918"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P20 GM103554"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20 GM103554"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>The RET receptor tyrosine kinase is critical for the development of the enteric nervous system (ENS), acting as a receptor for Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) via GFR co-receptors. Drosophila has a well-conserved RET homologue (Ret) that has been proposed to function independently of the Gfr-like co-receptor (Gfrl). We find that Ret is required for development of the stomatogastric (enteric) nervous system (SNS) in both embryos and larvae, and its loss results in feeding defects. Live imaging analysis suggests that peristaltic waves are initiated but not propagated in mutant midguts. Examination of axons innervating the midgut reveals increased branching but the area covered by the branches is decreased. This phenotype can be rescued by Ret expression. Additionally, Gfrl shares the same ENS and feeding defects, suggesting that Ret and Gfrl might function together to respond to a ligand. We identified the TGF\u03b2 family member Maverick (Mav) as a ligand for Gfrl and a Mav chromosomal deficiency displayed similar embryonic ENS defects. Our results suggest that the Ret and Gfrl families co-evolved before the separation of invertebrate and vertebrate lineages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.157446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T01:20:24Z","timestamp":1514510424000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The<i>Drosophila Ret<\/i>gene functions in the stomatogastric nervous system with the Maverick TGF\u03b2 ligand and the<i>Gfrl<\/i>co-receptor"],"prefix":"10.1242","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5590-7959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Logan","family":"Myers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology\/ms 314, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3052-5812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiran","family":"Perera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology\/ms 314, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3489-9021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael G.","family":"Alvarado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology\/ms 314, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7190-4208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Kidd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology\/ms 314, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021042512184028200_DEV157446C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2005.05.075","article-title":"Drosophila RET contains an active tyrosine kinase and elicits neurotrophic activities in mammalian cells","volume":"579","author":"Abrescia","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"2021042512184028200_DEV157446C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1159\/000094087","article-title":"Evolution of the GDNF family ligands and receptors","volume":"68","author":"Airaksinen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Behav. 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