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Defects in axonal insulation lead to debilitating conditions, but, despite its importance, the molecular players responsible are poorly defined. Here, we identify RalA GTPase as a key player in axon ensheathment in Drosophila larval peripheral nerves. We demonstrate through genetic analysis that RalA action through the exocyst complex is required in wrapping glial cells to regulate their growth and development. We suggest that the RalA-exocyst pathway controls the targeting of secretory vesicles for membrane growth or for the secretion of a wrapping glia-derived factor that itself regulates growth. In summary, our findings provide a new molecular understanding of the process by which axons are ensheathed in vivo, a process that is crucial for normal neuronal function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.174540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,22]],"date-time":"2020-01-22T10:25:14Z","timestamp":1579688714000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Peripheral axonal ensheathment is regulated by RalA GTPase and the exocyst complex"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"147","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8527-6529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana F.","family":"Silva-Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa 1 , 1150-082 Lisboa , Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5621-6159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e1tia F.","family":"Patr\u00edcio-Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa 1 , 1150-082 Lisboa , Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1448-9372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente","family":"de Sousa-Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa 1 , 1150-082 Lisboa , Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4592-420X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro M.","family":"Augusto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa 1 , 1150-082 Lisboa , Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9699-4462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana C.","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa 1 , 1150-082 Lisboa , Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0955-8348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana R.","family":"Farinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa 1 , 1150-082 Lisboa , Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4284-1153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o P.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa 1 , 1150-082 Lisboa , Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz 2 , 1649-028 Lisboa , Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0600-8842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita O.","family":"Teodoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa 1 , 1150-082 Lisboa , Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024061301163039200_DEV174540C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02785","article-title":"A role for Sec8 in oligodendrocyte morphological differentiation","volume":"119","author":"Anitei","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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