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Mutations in non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway genes cause human skeletal diseases such as Robinow syndrome and Brachydactyly Type B1, which disrupt bone growth throughout the endochondral skeleton. Ror2 is one of several non-canonical Wnt receptor\/co-receptors. Here, we show that ror2\u2212\/\u2212 mutant zebrafish have craniofacial skeletal defects, including disruptions of chondrocyte polarity. ror1\u2212\/\u2212 mutants appear to be phenotypically wild type, but loss of both ror1 and ror2 leads to more severe cartilage defects, indicating partial redundancy. Skeletal defects in ror1\/2 double mutants resemble those of wnt5b\u2212\/\u2212 mutants, suggesting that Wnt5b is the primary Ror ligand in zebrafish. Surprisingly, the proline-rich domain of Ror2, but not its kinase domain, is required to rescue its function in mosaic transgenic experiments in ror2\u2212\/\u2212 mutants. These results suggest that endochondral bone defects in ROR-related human syndromes reflect defects in cartilage polarity and morphogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.201273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T10:30:25Z","timestamp":1681209025000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The non-canonical Wnt receptor Ror2 is required for cartilage cell polarity and morphogenesis of the craniofacial skeleton in zebrafish"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"150","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5685-3833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel B.","family":"Dranow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California 1 Department of Developmental and Cell Biology , , Irvine , CA 92697 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7384-6814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre","family":"Le Pabic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina 2 Department of Biology & Marine Biology , , Wilmington, NC 28403 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1798-8695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas F.","family":"Schilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California 1 Department of Developmental and Cell Biology , , Irvine , CA 92697 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023050513515422600_DEV201273C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1038\/78107","article-title":"Recessive Robinow syndrome, allelic to dominant brachydactyly type B, is caused by mutation of ROR2","volume":"25","author":"Afzal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. 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