{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T07:16:23Z","timestamp":1786950983715,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017821","name":"School of Medicine, University of Connecticut","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017821","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01-EY029739"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-EY029739"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Central nervous system projection neurons fail to spontaneously regenerate injured axons. Targeting developmentally regulated genes in order to reactivate embryonic intrinsic axon growth capacity or targeting pro-growth tumor suppressor genes such as Pten promotes long-distance axon regeneration in only a small subset of injured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), despite many RGCs regenerating short-distance axons. A recent study identified \u03b1RGCs as the primary type that regenerates short-distance axons in response to Pten inhibition, but the rare types which regenerate long-distance axons, and cellular features that enable such response, remained unknown. Here, we used a new method for capturing specifically the rare long-distance axon-regenerating RGCs, and also compared their transcriptomes with embryonic RGCs, in order to answer these questions. We found the existence of adult non-\u03b1 intrinsically photosensitive M1 RGC subtypes that retained features of embryonic cell state, and showed that these subtypes partially dedifferentiated towards an embryonic state and regenerated long-distance axons in response to Pten inhibition. We also identified Pten inhibition-upregulated mitochondria-associated genes, Dynlt1a and Lars2, which promote axon regeneration on their own, and thus present novel therapeutic targets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.201644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T10:50:49Z","timestamp":1681210249000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Pten inhibition dedifferentiates long-distance axon-regenerating intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells and upregulates mitochondria-associated Dynlt1a and Lars2"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Bruce A.","family":"Rheaume","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine 1 Department of Neuroscience , , 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine 1 Department of Neuroscience , , 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Lukomska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine 1 Department of Neuroscience , , 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William C.","family":"Theune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine 1 Department of Neuroscience , , 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashiti","family":"Damania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine 1 Department of Neuroscience , , 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Sjogren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine 2 , Farmington, CT 06032 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2844-4191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ephraim F.","family":"Trakhtenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine 1 Department of Neuroscience , , 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023042409101613400_DEV201644C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9632","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0643-16.2017","article-title":"KLF9 and JNK3 interact to suppress axon regeneration in the adult CNS","volume":"37","author":"Apara","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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