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Starburst amacrine cells (SACs) in the mammalian retina have a highly stereotyped, radially symmetric dendritic arbor that is essential for their role in direction-selective circuits in the retina. We show that PTEN, the primary negative regulator of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway that is highly implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders, regulates SAC morphology in a cell-autonomous manner. Pten-deficient mouse SACs show a nearly twofold increase in the number of dendritic branches, while other morphological properties remain largely unchanged. These morphological changes arise late in SAC development, after dendrite development is largely complete, and persist into adulthood. Mechanistically, excessive dendritic branching appears to arise from dysregulated mTOR activity. Despite this increase in dendritic branches, Pten-deficient SACs maintain a normal population number, normal organization of synaptic outputs and intact direction-selectivity in the retina. Collectively, these results show that PTEN is essential in mouse for the normal development of highly stereotyped neuronal morphology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.204980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T07:30:37Z","timestamp":1776065437000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PTEN regulates starburst amacrine cell dendrite morphology during development"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"153","author":[{"given":"Teva W.","family":"Bracha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health & Science University 1 Neuroscience Graduate Program , , Portland, OR 97239 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Luong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health & Science University 1 Neuroscience Graduate Program , , Portland, OR 97239 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Leffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University 2 , Portland, OR 97239 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Sivyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University 2 , Portland, OR 97239 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5094-5270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin M.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University 3 , Portland, OR 97239 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026050709582543400_DEV204980C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2010.10.001","article-title":"C. elegans multi-dendritic sensory neurons: morphology and function","volume":"46","author":"Albeg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. 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