{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:44:39Z","timestamp":1789991079803,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"9-10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diabetes is characterized by the loss, or gradual dysfunction, of insulin-producing pancreatic \u03b2-cells. Although \u03b2-cells can replicate in younger adults, the available diabetes therapies do not specifically target \u03b2-cell regeneration. Novel approaches are needed to discover new therapeutics and to understand the contributions of endocrine progenitors and \u03b2-cell regeneration during islet expansion. Here, we show that the regulators of G protein signaling Rgs16 and Rgs8 are expressed in pancreatic progenitor and endocrine cells during development, then extinguished in adults, but reactivated in models of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (Glp-1)\/incretin mimetic that stimulates \u03b2-cell expansion, insulin secretion and normalization of blood glucose levels in diabetics, also promoted re-expression of Rgs16::GFP within a few days in pancreatic ductal-associated cells and islet \u03b2-cells. These findings show that Rgs16::GFP and Rgs8::GFP are novel and early reporters of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-stimulated \u03b2-cell expansion after therapeutic treatment and in diabetes models. Rgs16 and Rgs8 are likely to control aspects of islet progenitor cell activation, differentiation and \u03b2-cell expansion in embryos and metabolically stressed adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.003210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,9]],"date-time":"2010-07-09T00:50:50Z","timestamp":1278636650000},"page":"567-580","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Rgs16 and Rgs8 in embryonic endocrine pancreas and mouse models of diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Alethia","family":"Villasenor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhao V.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390 TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee B.","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390 TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ozhan","family":"Ocal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-9041, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid Wernstedt","family":"Asterholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390 TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp E.","family":"Scherer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390 TX, USA"},{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolf A.","family":"Brekken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390 TX, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-9041, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ondine","family":"Cleaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Wilkie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-9041, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042612472983900_b1-0030567","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3112","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1158703","article-title":"Activated Kras and Ink4a\/Arf deficiency cooperate to produce metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","volume":"17","author":"Aguirre","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"2021042612472983900_b2-0030567","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e32832e06ba","article-title":"The pancreas in human type 1 diabetes: providing new answers to age-old questions","volume":"16","author":"Atkinson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"key":"2021042612472983900_b3-0030567","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80117-8","article-title":"GAIP and RGS4 are GTPase-activating proteins for the Gi subfamily of G protein alpha subunits","volume":"86","author":"Berman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2021042612472983900_b4-0030567","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.7.1716","article-title":"Increased islet volume but unchanged islet number in ob\/ob mice","volume":"52","author":"Bock","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2021042612472983900_b5-0030567","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1080\/08998280.2006.11928181","article-title":"Exenatide (Byetta) as a novel treatment option for type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"19","author":"Bond","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"2021042612472983900_b6-0030567","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-543X.2004.00075.x","article-title":"The pancreatic ductal epithelium serves as a potential pool of progenitor cells","volume":"5","author":"Bonner-Weir","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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