{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T05:29:51Z","timestamp":1791350991600,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]],"date-time":"2021-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621296000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":3425,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mutations in SPG4, encoding the microtubule-severing protein spastin, are responsible for the most frequent form of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases characterized by degeneration of the corticospinal tracts. We previously reported that mice harboring a deletion in Spg4, generating a premature stop codon, develop progressive axonal degeneration characterized by focal axonal swellings associated with impaired axonal transport. To further characterize the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this mutant phenotype, we have here assessed microtubule dynamics and axonal transport in primary cultures of cortical neurons from spastin mutant mice. We show an early and marked impairment of microtubule dynamics all along the axons of spastin-deficient cortical neurons, which is likely to be responsible for the occurrence of axonal swellings and cargo stalling. Our analysis also reveals that a modulation of microtubule dynamics by microtubule-targeting drugs rescues the mutant phenotype of cortical neurons. Altogether, these results contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of SPG4-linked HSP and ascertain the influence of microtubule-targeted drugs on the early axonal phenotype in a mouse model of the disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.008946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,6]],"date-time":"2012-07-06T06:31:15Z","timestamp":1341556275000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Microtubule-targeting drugs rescue axonal swellings in cortical neurons from spastin knock-out mice"],"prefix":"10.1242","author":[{"given":"Coralie","family":"Fassier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR CNRS 7224 \/ Inserm U952 \/ Universit\u00e9 P. & M. Curie, Paris, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Tarrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm U829, Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leticia","family":"Peris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm U836, Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Courageot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm U798, Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Mailly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR CNRS 7224 \/ Inserm U952 \/ Universit\u00e9 P. & M. Curie, Paris, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Dalard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm U798, Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Delga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm U829, Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natacha","family":"Roblot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm U798, Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Lefevre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm U829, Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Job","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm U836, Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamil\u00e9","family":"Hazan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR CNRS 7224 \/ Inserm U952 \/ Universit\u00e9 P. & M. Curie, Paris, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick A.","family":"Curmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm U829, Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Melki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm U798, Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021042423052315200_b1-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2005.02.001","article-title":"Neuronal microtubules: when the MAP is the roadblock","volume":"15","author":"Baas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b2-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2005.08.004","article-title":"Microtubules cut and run","volume":"15","author":"Baas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b3-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2946","article-title":"Hereditary spastic paraplegias: membrane traffic and the motor pathway","volume":"12","author":"Blackstone","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b4-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.004002","article-title":"Genetic and chemical modulation of spastin-dependent axon outgrowth in zebrafish embryos indicates a role for impaired microtubule dynamics in hereditary spastic paraplegia","volume":"3","author":"Butler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dis. Model. Mech."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b5-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddg004","article-title":"Mutations of SPG4 are responsible for a loss of function of spastin, an abundant neuronal protein localized in the nucleus","volume":"12","author":"Charvin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b6-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2005.06.009","article-title":"Spastin subcellular localization is regulated through usage of different translation start sites and active export from the nucleus","volume":"309","author":"Claudiani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b7-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0854.2008.00847.x","article-title":"Spastin couples microtubule severing to membrane traffic in completion of cytokinesis and secretion","volume":"10","author":"Connell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b8-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2006.046425","article-title":"Exon deletions of SPG4 are a frequent cause of hereditary spastic paraplegia","volume":"44","author":"Depienne","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b9-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddq064","article-title":"Functional conservation of human Spastin in a Drosophila model of autosomal dominant-hereditary spastic paraplegia","volume":"19","author":"Du","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b10-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/11.2.153","article-title":"Spastin, the protein mutated in autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia, is involved in microtubule dynamics","volume":"11","author":"Errico","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b11-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddh223","article-title":"Spastin interacts with the centrosomal protein NA14, and is enriched in the spindle pole, the midbody and the distal axon","volume":"13","author":"Errico","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b12-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200409058","article-title":"Linking axonal degeneration to microtubule remodeling by Spastin-mediated microtubule severing","volume":"168","author":"Evans","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b13-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-996-0011-1","article-title":"Hereditary spastic paraplegia","volume":"6","author":"Fink","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b14-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/9.4.637","article-title":"Spectrum of SPG4 mutations in autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia","volume":"9","author":"Fonknechten","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b15-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/9.5.849","article-title":"Nuclear targeting defect of SMN lacking the C-terminus in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy","volume":"9","author":"Frugier","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b16-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1038\/15472","article-title":"Spastin, a new AAA protein, is altered in the most frequent form of autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia","volume":"23","author":"Hazan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b17-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2730","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00463a016","article-title":"Kinetic analysis of tubulin exchange at microtubule ends at low vinblastine concentrations","volume":"29","author":"Jordan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b18-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1317","article-title":"Microtubules as a target for anticancer drugs","volume":"4","author":"Jordan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b19-0060072","first-page":"2212","article-title":"Mechanism of inhibition of cell proliferation by Vinca alkaloids","volume":"51","author":"Jordan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b20-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9552","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.20.9552","article-title":"Mechanism of mitotic block and inhibition of cell proliferation by taxol at low concentrations","volume":"90","author":"Jordan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b21-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5778","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1382-04.2004","article-title":"Axonal growth is sensitive to the levels of katanin, a protein that severs microtubules","volume":"24","author":"Karabay","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b22-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06104.x","article-title":"Direct evidence for axonal transport defects in a novel mouse model of mutant spastin-induced hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) and human HSP patients","volume":"110","author":"Kasher","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b23-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201001024","article-title":"Tubulin polyglutamylation stimulates spastin-mediated microtubule severing","volume":"189","author":"Lacroix","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b24-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4889(99)00070-1","article-title":"Membrane traffic and the cellular uptake of cholera toxin","volume":"1450","author":"Lencer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b25-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2011.08.010","article-title":"The AAA ATPase spastin links microtubule severing to membrane modelling","volume":"1823","author":"Lumb","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b26-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2006.05.008","article-title":"Spastin in the human and mouse central nervous system with special reference to its expression in the hippocampus of mouse pilocarpine model of status epilepticus and temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"49","author":"Ma","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b27-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3026","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24694","article-title":"Disease-related phenotypes in a Drosophila model of hereditary spastic paraplegia are ameliorated by treatment with vinblastine","volume":"115","author":"Orso","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b28-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI40979","article-title":"Hereditary spastic paraplegia proteins REEP1, spastin and atlastin-1 coordinate microtubule interactions with the tubular ER network","volume":"120","author":"Park","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b29-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.107.6.1529","article-title":"Accumulation of delta 2-tubulin, a major tubulin variant that cannot be tyrosinated, in neuronal tissues and in stable microtubule assemblies","volume":"107","author":"Paturle-Lafanech\u00e8re","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b30-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200512058","article-title":"Tubulin tyrosination is a major factor affecting the recruitment of CAP-Gly proteins at microtubule plus ends","volume":"174","author":"Peris","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b31-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200902142","article-title":"Motor-dependent microtubule disassembly driven by tubulin tyrosination","volume":"185","author":"Peris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b32-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90240-D","article-title":"CLIP-170 links endocytic vesicles to microtubules","volume":"70","author":"Pierre","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b33-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e09-09-0834","article-title":"Basic fibroblast growth factor elicits formation of interstitial axonal branches via enhanced severing of microtubules","volume":"21","author":"Qiang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b34-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.40.2.81","article-title":"Science in motion: common molecular pathological themes emerge in the hereditary spastic paraplegias","volume":"40","author":"Reid","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b35-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.05875.x","article-title":"Pleiotropic effects of spastin on neurite growth depending on expression levels","volume":"108","author":"Riano","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b36-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/0962-8924(96)10017-9","article-title":"CLIPs for organelle-microtubule interactions","volume":"6","author":"Rickard","year":"1996","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b37-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2005.02.029","article-title":"The Drosophila homologue of the hereditary spastic paraplegia protein, spastin, severs and disassembles microtubules","volume":"15","author":"Roll-Mecak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b38-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06482","article-title":"Structural basis of microtubule severing by the hereditary spastic paraplegia protein spastin","volume":"451","author":"Roll-Mecak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b39-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(00)00228-4","article-title":"A simple procedure for quantification of neurite outgrowth based on stereological principles","volume":"100","author":"Ronn","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b40-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2005.03472.x","article-title":"Human spastin has multiple microtubule-related functions","volume":"95","author":"Salinas","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b41-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70258-8","article-title":"Hereditary spastic paraplegia: clinical features and pathogenic mechanisms","volume":"7","author":"Salinas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b42-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0020429","article-title":"Drosophila spastin regulates synaptic microtubule networks and is required for normal motor function","volume":"2","author":"Sherwood","year":"2004","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b43-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3159-07.2008","article-title":"Quantitative and functional analyses of spastin in the nervous system: implications for hereditary spastic paraplegia","volume":"28","author":"Solowska","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b44-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddq177","article-title":"Evaluation of loss of function as an explanation for SPG4-based hereditary spastic paraplegia","volume":"19","author":"Solowska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b45-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-07-02655.2003","article-title":"Visualization of microtubule growth in cultured neurons via the use of EB3-GFP (end-binding protein 3-green fluorescent protein)","volume":"23","author":"Stepanova","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b46-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2004.06.049","article-title":"Microtubule dynamics are necessary for Src family kinase-dependent growth cone steering","volume":"14","author":"Suter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b47-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.128.1.139","article-title":"The role of microtubule dynamics in growth cone motility and axonal growth","volume":"128","author":"Tanaka","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b48-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3544","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddl431","article-title":"A mutation of spastin is responsible for swellings and impairment of transport in a region of axon characterized by changes in microtubule composition","volume":"15","author":"Tarrade","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b49-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00056a013","article-title":"Kinetic stabilization of microtubule dynamic instability in vitro by vinblastine","volume":"32","author":"Toso","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b50-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2004.06.058","article-title":"The hereditary spastic paraplegia gene, spastin, regulates microtubule stability to modulate synaptic structure and function","volume":"14","author":"Trotta","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b51-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.8.6.973","article-title":"Nanomolar concentrations of nocodazole alter microtubule dynamic instability in vivo and in vitro","volume":"8","author":"Vasquez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b52-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200201029","article-title":"A role for regulated binding of p150 (Glued) to microtubule plus ends in organelle transport","volume":"158","author":"Vaughan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b53-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.6.17.4633","article-title":"The tubulin code","volume":"6","author":"Verhey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b54-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200610072","article-title":"Recognition of C-terminal amino acids in tubulin by pore loops in spastin is important for microtubule severing","volume":"176","author":"White","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b55-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200707042","article-title":"Microtubule stabilization specifies initial neuronal polarization","volume":"180","author":"Witte","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b56-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2763","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddl212","article-title":"The microtubule-severing protein spastin is essential for axon outgrowth in the zebrafish embryo","volume":"15","author":"Wood","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2021042423052315200_b57-0060072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e07-09-0878","article-title":"The microtubule-severing proteins spastin and katanin participate differently in the formation of axonal branches","volume":"19","author":"Yu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"}],"container-title":["Disease Models &amp; Mechanisms"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/dmm\/article-pdf\/6\/1\/72\/1865223\/72.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/dmm\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1242\/dmm.008946\/2060764\/dmm_008946v1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/dmm\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1242\/dmm.008946\/2060764\/dmm_008946v1.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T11:04:06Z","timestamp":1642676646000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/dmm\/article\/doi\/10.1242\/dmm.008946\/258688\/Microtubule-targeting-drugs-rescue-axonal"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]},"references-count":57,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dmm.008946","relation":{},"ISSN":["1754-8411","1754-8403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1754-8411","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1754-8403","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]},"article-number":"dmm.008946"}}