{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T18:09:14Z","timestamp":1791050954452,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]],"date-time":"2021-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621296000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":3059,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ventral hypothalamus acts to integrate visceral and systemic information to control energy balance. The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor neurogenin-3 (Ngn3) is required for pancreatic \u03b2-cell development and has been implicated in neuronal development in the hypothalamus. Here, we demonstrate that early embryonic hypothalamic inactivation of Ngn3 (also known as Neurog3)in mice results in rapid post-weaning obesity that is associated with hyperphagia and reduced energy expenditure. This obesity is caused by loss of expression of Pomc in Pomc- and Cart-expressing (Pomc\/Cart) neurons in the arcuate nucleus, indicating an incomplete specification of anorexigenic first order neurons. Furthermore, following the onset of obesity, both the arcuate and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei become insensitive to peripheral leptin treatment. This conditional mouse mutant therefore represents a novel model system for obesity that is associated with hyperphagia and underactivity, and sheds new light upon the roles of Ngn3 in the specification of hypothalamic neurons controlling energy balance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.011916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,3]],"date-time":"2013-05-03T03:25:43Z","timestamp":1367551543000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Conditional deletion of neurogenin-3 using<i>Nkx2.1iCre<\/i>results in a mouse model for the central control of feeding, activity and obesity"],"prefix":"10.1242","author":[{"given":"Neal","family":"Anthwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC-National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Pelling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC-National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Claxton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC-National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Mellitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin","family":"Collin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicoletta","family":"Kessaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William D.","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00e9rard","family":"Gradwohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siew-Lan","family":"Ang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC-National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021042501152579700_b1-0061133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1200","article-title":"Selective loss of leptin receptors in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus results in increased adiposity and a metabolic syndrome","volume":"149","author":"Bingham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2021042501152579700_b2-0061133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4203","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI62543","article-title":"Obesity-programmed mice are rescued by early genetic intervention","volume":"122","author":"Bumaschny","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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