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Although understanding of underlying disease mechanisms is hampered by complex pathophysiology it is clear that epithelial abnormalities underpin the disease. There is currently a lack of a well-characterised in vitro model of the middle ear (ME) epithelium that replicates the complex cellular composition of the middle ear. Here, we report the development of a novel in vitro model of mouse middle ear epithelial cells (mMECs) at an air\u2013liquid interface (ALI) that recapitulates the characteristics of the native murine ME epithelium. We demonstrate that mMECs undergo differentiation into the varied cell populations seen within the native middle ear. Proteomic analysis confirmed that the cultures secrete a multitude of innate defence proteins from their apical surface. We showed that the mMECs supported the growth of the otopathogen, nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), suggesting that the model can be successfully utilised to study host\u2013pathogen interactions in the middle ear. Overall, our mMEC culture system can help to better understand the cell biology of the middle ear and improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of OM. The model also has the potential to serve as a platform for validation of treatments designed to reverse aspects of epithelial remodelling that underpin OM development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.026658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,23]],"date-time":"2016-09-23T01:59:11Z","timestamp":1474595951000},"page":"1405-1417","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["An <i>in vitro<\/i> model of murine middle ear epithelium"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Apoorva","family":"Mulay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sheffield 1 Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease , , Sheffield S10 2JF , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khondoker M.","family":"Akram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sheffield 1 Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease , , Sheffield S10 2JF , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debbie","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Mammalian Genetics Unit 2 , Harwell OX11 0RD , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Armes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sheffield 1 Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease , , Sheffield S10 2JF , UK"},{"name":"University of Sheffield 3 Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Department of Clinical Dentistry , , Sheffield S10 2TA , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sheffield 1 Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease , , Sheffield S10 2JF , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek","family":"Hood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Mammalian Genetics Unit 2 , Harwell OX11 0RD , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool 4 , Liverpool L3 5RF , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool 4 , Liverpool L3 5RF , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve D. 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