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An AHT animal model was developed on 12-day-old mice subjected to 90\u00b0 head extension-flexion sagittal shaking repeated 30, 60, 80 and 100 times. The mortality and time until return of consciousness were dependent on the number of repeats and severity of the injury. Following 60 episodes of repeated head shakings, the pups demonstrated apnea and\/or bradycardia immediately after injury. Acute oxygen desaturation was observed by pulse oximetry during respiratory and cardiac suppression. The cerebral blood perfusion was assessed by laser speckle contrast analysis (LASCA) using a PeriCam PSI system. There was a severe reduction in cerebral blood perfusion immediately after the trauma that did not significantly improve within 24\u2005h. The injured mice began to experience reversible sensorimotor function at 9\u2005days postinjury (dpi), which had completely recovered at 28\u2005dpi. However, cognitive deficits and anxiety-like behavior remained. Subdural\/subarachnoid hemorrhage, damage to the brain-blood barrier and parenchymal edema were found in all pups subjected to 60 insults. Proinflammatory response and reactive gliosis were upregulated at 3\u2005dpi. Degenerated neurons were found in the cerebral cortex and olfactory tubercles at 30\u2005dpi. This mouse model of repetitive brain injury by rotational head acceleration-deceleration partially mimics the major pathophysiological and behavioral events that occur in children with AHT. The resultant hypoxia\/ischemia suggests a potential mechanism underlying the secondary rotational acceleration-deceleration-induced brain injury in developing mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.030387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,31]],"date-time":"2018-01-31T01:10:53Z","timestamp":1517361053000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Pathophysiological and behavioral deficits in developing mice following rotational acceleration-deceleration traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7691-4373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoxiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics Hospital affiliated to the Second Bethune Hospital, Jilin University 1 Department of Spine Surgery , , Changchun 130041 , China"},{"name":"University of Louisville School of Medicine 2 Department of Pediatrics , , Louisville, KY 40202 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare 3 , Louisville, KY 40202 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongwen","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Louisville School of Medicine 2 Department of Pediatrics , , Louisville, KY 40202 , USA"},{"name":"China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University 4 Department of Orthopedics , , Changchun 130033 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1526-4063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa B. 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