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However, it is unclear how the perpetuate inflammation develops. Some recent studies have suggested the possible involvement of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) in the modulation of inflammatory signaling occurring in TLE. To understand how miR-146a modulates inflammatory signaling in TLE, we investigated the role of interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), miR-146a and human complement factor H (CFH) in the perpetuate inflammation in rat models of chronic TLE and U251 cells. We found that enhancive miR-146a could upregulate the expression of IL-1\u03b2 and downregulate the expression of CFH, whereas reductive miR-146a could downregulate the expression of IL-1\u03b2 and upregulate the expression of CFH, in hippocampi of chronic TLE rat models. Meanwhile, enhancive miR-146a could increase the abnormal wave forms in the chronic TLE rat models. Additionally, enhancive IL-1\u03b2 could feedback downregulate the expression of CFH, upregulate the expression of miR-146a and increase the abnormal wave forms in chronic TLE rat models. After CFH gene knockdown in U251 cells, enhancive miR-146a did not upregulate the expression of IL-1\u03b2. In summary, this study shows that enhancive miR-146a can upregulate the inflammatory factor IL-1\u03b2 in chronic TLE by downregulating CFH, and that upregulation of IL-1\u03b2 plays an important feedback-regulating role in the expression of miR-146a and CFH, forming a miR-146a\u2013CFH\u2013IL-1\u03b2 loop circuit that initiates a cascade of inflammation and then leads to the perpetuate inflammation in TLE. Therefore, modulation of the miR-146a\u2013CFH\u2013IL-1\u03b2 loop circuit could be a novel therapeutic target for TLE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.031708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,23]],"date-time":"2018-03-23T12:05:13Z","timestamp":1521806713000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["The role of the microRNA-146a\/complement factor H\/interleukin-1\u03b2-mediated inflammatory loop circuit in the perpetuate inflammation of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0451-2850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao-Ran","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, 6 TianTanXiLi, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, 1 East Road of JianShe, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8379-101X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan-Jie","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, 6 TianTanXiLi, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, 1 East Road of JianShe, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4370-7949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College,1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6406-4420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Ying","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College,1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6558-3671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, 6 TianTanXiLi, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3346-8817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao-Qiu","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, 6 TianTanXiLi, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9927-847X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui-Juan","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, 6 TianTanXiLi, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021042612345626900_DMM031708C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2012.02.006","article-title":"Minocycline attenuates microglia activation and blocks the long-term epileptogenic effects of early-life seizures","volume":"46","author":"Abraham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol. 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