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Its phenotype is, however, mild, and other mouse models have been explored. The mdx:Cmah\u2212\/\u2212 mouse carries a human-like mutation in the Cmah gene and has a severe muscle phenotype, but its growth and bone development are unknown. In this study, we compared male mdx, mdx:Utrn+\/\u2212, mdx:Cmah\u2212\/\u2212 and wild-type (WT) mice at 3, 5 and 7\u2005weeks of age to determine the suitability of the mdx:Cmah\u2212\/\u2212 mouse as a model for assessing growth and skeletal development in DMD. The mdx:Cmah\u2212\/\u2212 mice were lighter than WT mice at 3 weeks, but heavier at 7\u2005weeks, and showed an increased growth rate at 5\u2005weeks. Cortical bone fraction as assessed by micro-computed tomography was greater in both mdx and mdx:Cmah\u2212\/\u2212 mice versus WT mice at 7\u2005weeks. Tissue mineral density was also higher in mdx:Cmah\u2212\/\u2212 mice at 3 and 7 weeks. Gene profiling of mdx:Cmah\u2212\/\u2212 bone identified increased expression of Igf1, Igf1r and Vegfa. Both the mdx and mdx:Cmah\u2212\/\u2212 mice showed an increased proportion of regulated bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) but a reduction in constitutive BMAT. The mdx:Cmah\u2212\/\u2212 mice show evidence of catch-up growth and more rapid bone development. This pattern does not mimic the typical DMD growth trajectory and therefore the utility of the mdx:Cmah\u2212\/\u2212 mouse for studying growth and skeletal development in DMD is limited. Further studies of this model may, however, shed light on the phenomenon of catch-up growth.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.040659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]],"date-time":"2019-11-21T19:35:32Z","timestamp":1574364932000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A comparison of the bone and growth phenotype of <i>mdx<\/i>, <i>mdx:Cmah\u2212\/\u2212<\/i> and <i>mdx:Utrn<\/i>\n                  <i>+\/\u2212<\/i> murine models with the C57BL\/10 wild-type mouse"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6084-5174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire L.","family":"Wood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, 1 Division of Developmental Biology , \u2008 Midlothian \u2008 EH25 9RG \u2008 UK"},{"name":", 1 Division of 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Disease, University of Liverpool, 4 \u2008 Liverpool \u2008 L7 8TX \u2008 UK"},{"name":", 4 \u2008 Liverpool \u2008 L7 8TX \u2008 UK"},{"name":", 4 \u2008 Liverpool \u2008 L7 8TX \u2008 UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7832-5057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Will P.","family":"Cawthorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, 3 \u2008 Midlothian \u2008 EH25 9RG \u2008 UK"},{"name":", 3 \u2008 Midlothian \u2008 EH25 9RG \u2008 UK"},{"name":", 3 \u2008 Midlothian \u2008 EH25 9RG \u2008 UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Dillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, 1 Division of Developmental Biology , \u2008 Midlothian \u2008 EH25 9RG \u2008 UK"},{"name":", 1 Division of Developmental Biology , \u2008 Midlothian \u2008 EH25 9RG \u2008 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