{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:02:40Z","timestamp":1753884160041,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]],"date-time":"2021-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":72,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007155","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR-S001581","MR\/R014019\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR-S001581","MR\/R014019\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"British Society of Gastroenterology"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010311","name":"Guts UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010311","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"EUROPOL-ITN","award":["H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014-642773"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014-642773"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is the dramatic acute presentation of alcoholic liver disease, with a 15% mortality rate within 28 days in severe cases. Research into AH has been hampered by the lack of effective and reproducible murine models that can be operated under different regulatory frameworks internationally. The liquid Lieber-deCarli (LdC) diet has been used as a means of ad libitum delivery of alcohol but without any additional insult, and is associated with relatively mild liver injury. The transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protects against oxidative stress, and mice deficient in this molecule are suggested to be more sensitive to alcohol-induced injury. We have established a novel model of AH in mice and compared the nature of liver injury in C57\/BL6 wild-type (WT) versus Nrf2\u2212\/\u2212 mice. Our data showed that both WT and Nrf2\u2212\/\u2212 mice demonstrate robust weight loss, and an increase in serum transaminase, steatosis and hepatic inflammation when exposed to diet and ethanol. This is accompanied by an increase in peripheral blood and hepatic myeloid cell populations, fibrogenic response and compensatory hepatocyte regeneration. We also noted characteristic disturbances in hepatic carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Importantly, use of Nrf2\u2212\/\u2212 mice did not increase hepatic injury responses in our hands, and female WT mice exhibited a more-reproducible response. Thus, we have demonstrated that this simple murine model of AH can be used to induce an injury that recreates many of the key human features of AH \u2013 without the need for challenging surgical procedures to administer ethanol. This will be valuable for understanding of the pathogenesis of AH, for testing new therapeutic treatments or devising metabolic approaches to manage patients whilst in medical care.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>This article has an associated First Person interview with the joint first authors of the paper.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.046383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T15:50:11Z","timestamp":1602863411000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Alcoholic hepatitis and metabolic disturbance in female mice: a more tractable model than <i>Nrf2<\/i>\u2212\/\u2212 animals"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8364-9080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lozan","family":"Sheriff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Liver and Gastroenterology Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, 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Liver and Gastroenterology Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK 1"},{"name":"Birmingham National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK 2"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5459-3962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Wilkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Liver and Gastroenterology Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK 1"},{"name":"Birmingham National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK 2"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2696-4145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nguyet-Thin","family":"Luu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Liver and Gastroenterology Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK 1"},{"name":"Birmingham National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK 2"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich L.","family":"Gunther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3 Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Chemistry and Metabolomics, University of L\u00fcbeck, 23562 L\u00fcbeck, Germany 4"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan G.","family":"Hubscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Liver and Gastroenterology Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK 1"},{"name":"Birmingham National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK 2"},{"name":"5 Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK"},{"name":"6 Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6085-3652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip N.","family":"Newsome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Liver and Gastroenterology Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK 1"},{"name":"Birmingham National 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