{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T12:20:04Z","timestamp":1784204404582,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":217,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":189,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institutes of Health","award":["U42OD010918"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U42OD010918"]}]},{"name":"Institutes of Health","award":["R01HL163005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL163005"]}]},{"name":"Institutes of Health","award":["R01HL139795"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL139795"]}]},{"name":"Institutes of Health","award":["P20GM103652"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM103652"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000052","name":"NIH Office of the Director","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["T32OD011126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32OD011126"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["IK2BX002527"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IK2BX002527"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1I01CX002231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1I01CX002231"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiated a global pandemic resulting in an estimated 775 million infections with over 7 million deaths, it has become evident that COVID-19 is not solely a pulmonary disease. Emerging evidence has shown that, in a subset of patients, certain symptoms \u2212 including chest pain, stroke, anosmia, dysgeusia, diarrhea and abdominal pain \u2013 all indicate a role of vascular, neurological and gastrointestinal (GI) pathology in the disease process. Many of these disease processes persist long after the acute disease has been resolved, resulting in \u2018long COVID\u2019 or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). The molecular mechanisms underlying the acute and systemic conditions associated with COVID-19 remain incompletely defined. Appropriate animal models provide a method of understanding underlying disease mechanisms at the system level through the study of disease progression, tissue pathology, immune system response to the pathogen and behavioral responses. However, very few studies have addressed PASC and whether existing models hold promise for studying this challenging problem. Here, we review the current literature on cardiovascular, neurological and GI pathobiology caused by COVID-19 in patients, along with established animal models of the acute disease manifestations and their prospects for use in PASC studies. Our aim is to provide guidance for the selection of appropriate models in order to recapitulate certain aspects of the disease to enhance the translatability of mechanistic studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.052086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T03:06:16Z","timestamp":1744081576000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Translating animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection to vascular, neurological and gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8690-3152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Chung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri 1 Department of Veterinary Pathobiology , , Columbia, MO 65211 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2755-5543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Providence VA Medical Center 2 Vascular Research Laboratory , , Providence, RI 02908 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Ocean State Research Institute, Inc. 3 Department of Research , , Providence, RI 02908-4734 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Alpert Medical School of Brown University 4 Department of Internal Medicine , , Providence, RI 02908 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9198-867X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Craig","family":"Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri 1 Department of Veterinary Pathobiology , , Columbia, MO 65211 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6973-4331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel M.","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri 1 Department of Veterinary Pathobiology , , Columbia, MO 65211 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"University of Missouri 5 Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research , , Columbia, MO 65211 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2412-7669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alan R.","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Providence VA Medical Center 2 Vascular Research Laboratory , , Providence, RI 02908 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Ocean State Research Institute, Inc. 3 Department of Research , , Providence, RI 02908-4734 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Alpert Medical School of Brown University 4 Department of Internal Medicine , , Providence, RI 02908 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2535-7746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Amos-Landgraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri 1 Department of Veterinary Pathobiology , , Columbia, MO 65211 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101408140053500_DMM052086C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2020.1861644","article-title":"The cardiovascular aspect of COVID-19","volume":"53","author":"Adu-Amankwaah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. 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