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Rising global temperatures prompt concerns regarding selection for environmental fungal species with increased thermotolerance, as high mammalian temperatures provide protection against many fungal species. Cd and Cn strains exhibit variations in thermal susceptibility, with Cd strains being more susceptible to higher temperatures. Here, we identified differences in capsular polysaccharide release, adhesion and biofilm formation between strains both in vivo and in vitro. Histological results suggested that the dermatotropic predilection associated with Cd relates to biofilm formation, possibly facilitating latency and extending fungal survival through protection from high temperatures. We demonstrated that Cn strains were more tolerant to mammalian and febrile temperatures than Cd strains. Similarly, Cd strains showed reduced expression of heat-shock protein 60 and 70, after prolonged exposure to high temperature. Our findings suggest that fungal adhesion, biofilm formation, inflammation and thermotolerance contribute to tissue tropism and disease manifestation by Cn and Cd, supporting the recently assigned species distinction to each of these serotypes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.052141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T11:19:19Z","timestamp":1741691959000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Reduced growth and biofilm formation at high temperatures contribute to <i>Cryptococcus deneoformans<\/i> dermatotropism"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Claudia L.","family":"Charles-Ni\u00f1o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida College of Dentistry 1 Department of Oral Biology , , Gainesville, FL 32610 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunjan M.","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Long Island University-Post 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences , , Brookville, NY 11548 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Koroneos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reinaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University 3 Department of Medicine , , Stony Brook, NY 11794 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed F.","family":"Hamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida College of Dentistry 1 Department of Oral Biology , , Gainesville, FL 32610 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Mansoura University 4 Department of Pathology (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine) , , Mansoura 35516 ,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neena","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine 5 Department of Medicine (Division of Infectious Diseases) , , Bronx, NY 10467 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul 6 , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Braswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Florida 7 Department of Biology , , Jacksonville, FL 32224 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Linares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida College of Dentistry 1 Department of Oral Biology , , Gainesville, FL 32610 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa E.","family":"Munzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida College of Dentistry 1 Department of Oral Biology , , Gainesville, FL 32610 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua D.","family":"Nosanchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine 5 Department of Medicine (Division of Infectious Diseases) , , Bronx, NY 10467 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilene H.","family":"Vainstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul 6 , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6372-6501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis R.","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida College of Dentistry 1 Department of Oral Biology , , Gainesville, FL 32610 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida 8 , Gainesville, FL 32610 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Center for Immunology and Transplantation, University of Florida 9 , Gainesville, FL 32610 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida 10 , Gainesville, FL 32610 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida 11 , Gainesville, FL 32610 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101110470389900_DMM052141C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S1569-2558(03)34022-6","article-title":"Sex differences in wound healing","volume":"34","author":"Ashcroft","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv. 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