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In this study, we developed a novel mouse model to identify distinct populations of epicardium-derived CFs. Our Wt1GFP\/+;Wt1Cre;ROSA26-tdRFP model enables lineage tracing of Wt1Cre-labeled (RFP+) fibroblasts and the identification of cells actively expressing WT1 (GFP+). Flow cytometry at early postnatal stages showed that RFP+ cells form a heterogeneous stromal population, with 20.13% co-expressing GFP, indicating persistent WT1 expression in a subset. We successfully immortalized RFP+ cardiac stromal cells, which are highly enriched in fibroblasts, by excluding other Wt1Cre-active cell types. Through culture condition optimization, we could selectively expand or differentiate specific fibroblast subpopulations, increasing the utility of the model. These immortalized cells, carrying an integrated WT1 reporter system, provide a robust in vitro platform to study fibroblast activation, differentiation and plasticity under defined conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.052601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T07:47:12Z","timestamp":1775116032000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["An innovative\n                    <i>in vitro<\/i>\n                    model for studying the biology of cardiac fibroblasts originating from the epicardium"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3654-2683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"M\u00fcller-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Barcelona 1 Celltec-UB, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Biology , , 08028 Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6407-182X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Gertrudis","family":"Mu\u00f1iz-Banciella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Barcelona 1 Celltec-UB, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Biology , , 08028 Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona 2 , 08028 Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0701-200X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Reina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Barcelona 1 Celltec-UB, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Biology , , 08028 Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1678-7162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesc X.","family":"Soriano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Barcelona 1 Celltec-UB, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Biology , , 08028 Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 3 08035 Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1814-1974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ofelia M.","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Estrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Barcelona 1 Celltec-UB, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Biology , , 08028 Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona 2 , 08028 Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026040203470390000_DMM052601C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1002\/dvg.20750","article-title":"Efficient inducible Cre-mediated recombination in Tcf21 cell lineages in the heart and kidney","volume":"49","author":"Acharya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genesis"},{"key":"2026040203470390000_DMM052601C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.079970","article-title":"The bHLH transcription factor Tcf21 is required for lineage-specific EMT of cardiac fibroblast progenitors","volume":"139","author":"Acharya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2026040203470390000_DMM052601C3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e78","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.124.321780","article-title":"Vascular HIF2 signaling prevents cardiomegaly, alveolar congestion, and capillary remodeling during chronic hypoxia","volume":"45","author":"Albendea-Gomez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arterioscler. 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