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Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), characterized by elevated levels of Hcy in the blood, is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, a strong predictor of cardiovascular mortality and can cause associated pathology by interfering with methylation-dependent processes. Here, we developed a Drosophila melanogaster fly dietary model of HHcy and a Drosophila melanogaster genetic SAH accumulation model and compared them to corresponding Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast models to reveal evolutionarily conserved methylation pattern changes responsive to elevation of Hcy levels. Feeding Drosophila an Hcy-containing diet or growing yeast on Hcy-supplemented medium, similarly to genetically blocking SAH degradation, led to SAH accumulation, developmental delay and growth defects. Furthermore, dietary or genetically induced SAH accumulation caused impaired phospholipid and protein methylation in both model organisms. Identification and functional characterization of evolutionarily conserved SAH-dependent methylation targets responsive to elevation of Hcy and\/or SAH levels will reveal mechanisms of SAH toxicity in HHcy and help to decipher their role in associated pathologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.052802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T08:07:36Z","timestamp":1780301256000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Homocysteine and\n                    <i>S<\/i>\n                    -adenosyl-\n                    <i>L<\/i>\n                    -homocysteine impair development and methylation in yeast and flies"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Markus S.","family":"Brunner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz 1 , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hansj\u00f6rg","family":"Habisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical University of Graz 2 Otto Loewi Research Center, Medicinal Chemistry , , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jutta","family":"Hafner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz 1 , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Mack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz 1 , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoriana","family":"Novosiadla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz 1 , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea C.","family":"L\u00f3pez D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz 1 , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heimo","family":"Wolinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz 1 , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald N.","family":"Rechberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz 1 , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Eisenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz 1 , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Madl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical University of Graz 2 Otto Loewi Research Center, Medicinal Chemistry , , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte","family":"Pertschy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz 1 , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald P.","family":"K\u00fchnlein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz 1 , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1650-5014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oksana","family":"Tehlivets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz 1 , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"Medical University of Graz 3 Division of General Radiology, Department of Radiology , , 8036 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026060104072977300_DMM052802C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.039357","article-title":"Blood leukocyte DNA methylation predicts risk of future myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease","volume":"140","author":"Agha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026060104072977300_DMM052802C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.5527\/wjn.v3.i4.156","article-title":"Cardiovascular co-morbidity in chronic kidney disease: current knowledge and future research needs","volume":"3","author":"Alani","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. 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