{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T19:02:22Z","timestamp":1789758142032,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We investigated the mode of signalling between mitochondria during apoptosis by monitoring the behaviour of non-irradiated mitochondria following microscopic photosensitisation of half the mitochondria in single human osteosarcoma cells loaded with CMXRos. Following partial irradiation of cells,non-irradiated mitochondria underwent a rapid depolarisation (within 10 minutes). The depolarisation was not inhibited by the caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk but was suppressed by the intracellular Ca2+ chelator BAPTA and overexpression of Bcl-2. Significantly, such depolarisation occurred even after prior conversion of extended filamentous mitochondria into individual punctate structures, indicating that lumenal continuity is not required for communication between the irradiated and non-irradiated mitochondria. Partial irradiation of cells expressing cytochrome c-GFP revealed cytochrome c-GFP release from non-irradiated mitochondria at a delayed but unpredictable time interval (between 30 minutes and more than 2.5 hours) following irradiation, which was unaffected by zVAD-fmk. Once activated, cytochrome c-GFP release occurred within a 10 minute period. Immunocytochemistry failed to reveal the recruitment of Bax to non-irradiated mitochondria, which suggests that Bax does not mediate the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. We conclude that signals(mediated by Ca2+) emanating from irradiated mitochondria are processed by their non-irradiated counterparts and comprise two temporally distinct phases, both independent of caspase-mediated amplification, which generate an initial rapid depolarisation and subsequent delayed release of cytochrome c.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,14]],"date-time":"2003-03-14T17:08:58Z","timestamp":1047661738000},"page":"1437-1447","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Two phases of signalling between mitochondria during apoptosis leading to early depolarisation and delayed cytochrome<i>c<\/i>release"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"May-Ghee","family":"Lum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, PO Box 13D, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Nagley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, PO Box 13D, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042518313876000_REF1","unstructured":"Amchenkova, A. 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