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Ca2+ independence is associated with an organised arrangement of the intercellular adhesive material exemplified by a dense midline. When epidermis is wounded, desmosomes in the wound-edge epithelium lose hyper-adhesiveness and become Ca2+ dependent, i.e. readily dissociated by EGTA. Ca2+-dependent desmosomes lack a midline and show narrowing of the intercellular space. We suggest that this indicates a less-organised, weakly adhesive arrangement of the desmosomal cadherins, resembling classical cadherins in adherens junctions. Transition to Ca2+ dependence on wounding is accompanied by relocalisation of protein kinase C \u03b1 to desmosomal plaques suggesting that an `inside-out' transmembrane signal is responsible for changing desmosomal adhesiveness. We model hyper-adhesive desmosomes using the crystal packing observed for the ectodomain of C-cadherin and show how the regularity of this 3D array provides a possible explanation for Ca2+ independence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,23]],"date-time":"2005-11-23T01:33:53Z","timestamp":1132709633000},"page":"5743-5754","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":149,"title":["Hyper-adhesion in desmosomes: its regulation in wound healing and possible relationship to cadherin crystal structure"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"David R.","family":"Garrod","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Y.","family":"Berika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William F.","family":"Bardsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia","family":"Tabernero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042519114350600_REF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Amoudi, A., Norlen, L. 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