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HSF1 localizes within the nucleus of cells exposed to heat shock, heavy metals, and amino acid analogues, to form large, irregularly shaped, brightly staining granules which are not detected during attenuation of the heat shock response or when cells are returned to their normal growth conditions. The kinetics of detection of HSF1 granules parallels the transient induction of heat shock gene transcription. HSF1 granules are also detected using an HSF1-Flag epitope tagged protein or a chimeric HSF1-green fluorescent protein which reveals that these nuclear structures are stress-induced and can be detected in living cells. The spatial organization of HSF1 granules in nuclei of stressed cells reveals that they are novel nuclear structures which are stress-dependent and provides evidence that the nucleus undergoes dynamic reorganization in response to stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.110.23.2925","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]],"date-time":"2021-04-25T16:47:58Z","timestamp":1619369278000},"page":"2925-2934","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":153,"title":["HSF1 granules: a novel stress-induced nuclear compartment of human cells"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 J.","family":"Cotto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University, Evanston Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research , , IL 60208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan G.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University, Evanston Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research , , IL 60208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard I.","family":"Morimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University, Evanston Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research , , IL 60208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024010621541963200_JOCES_110_23_2925C1","first-page":"586","article-title":"Heat shock-induced interactions of heat shock transcription factor and the human hsp70 promoter examined by in vivo footprinting","volume":"11","author":"Abravaya","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mol. 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