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Human and mouse ameloblasts were found to express both \u03b26 integrin mRNA and protein. The maxillary incisors of Itgb6\u2212\/\u2212 mice lacked yellow pigment and their mandibular incisors appeared chalky and rounded. Molars of Itgb6\u2212\/\u2212 mice showed signs of reduced mineralization and severe attrition. The mineral-to-protein ratio in the incisors was significantly reduced in Itgb6\u2212\/\u2212 enamel, mimicking hypomineralized amelogenesis imperfecta. Interestingly, amelogenin-rich extracellular matrix abnormally accumulated between the ameloblast layer of Itgb6\u2212\/\u2212 mouse incisors and the forming enamel surface, and also between ameloblasts. This accumulation was related to increased synthesis of amelogenin, rather than to reduced removal of the matrix proteins. This was confirmed in cultured ameloblast-like cells, which did not use \u03b1v\u03b26 integrin as an endocytosis receptor for amelogenins, although it participated in cell adhesion on this matrix indirectly via endogenously produced matrix proteins. In summary, integrin \u03b1v\u03b26 is expressed by ameloblasts and it plays a crucial role in regulating amelogenin deposition\/turnover and subsequent enamel biomineralization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.112599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,22]],"date-time":"2012-12-22T21:59:18Z","timestamp":1356213558000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Critical role for \u03b1v\u03b26 integrin in enamel biomineralization"],"prefix":"10.1242","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Mohazab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Koivisto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Kyt\u00f6m\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Haapasalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.R.","family":"Owen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Wiebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Heikinheimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.E.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Heino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"H\u00e4kkinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.D.","family":"McKee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Larjava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021042613102695100_b1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-009-3952-5","article-title":"Amelogenin is phagocytized and induces changes in integrin configuration, gene expression and proliferation of cultured normal human dermal fibroblasts.","volume":"21","author":"Almqvist","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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