{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T17:17:51Z","timestamp":1764782271381},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1974,6,1]],"date-time":"1974-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":139276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Heterokaryons between fibroblasts from patients with classical Xeroderma pigmentosum (X.P.) and fibroblasts from normal or heterozygous subjects have indicated that normal cells contain at least three- to fourfold the amount of \u2018X.P.-enzyme\u2019 necessary for maximal unscheduled DNA synthesis and that the reduced enzyme levels in heterozygotes can be detected using heterokaryons with a high ratio of X.P. to heterozygous nuclei. Furthermore, a kinetic study of complementation in heterokaryons suggests that the \u2018X.P.-enzyme\u2019 is, probably, not a monomer and that its function may be dependent upon binding to an acceptor and formation of a stable complex which turns over slowly. Patients with the same clinical form of X.P. (classical type) may carry defective enzymes which do or do not bind to the acceptor.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Our findings and the evidence in favour of a close correlation in the kinetics of the different aspects of the excision repair of DNA prompt us to suggest that the enzymes of this repair system may assemble to form a \u2018repair organelle \u2018.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.15.1.163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,24]],"date-time":"2021-04-24T05:13:33Z","timestamp":1619241213000},"page":"163-176","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Dna repair synthesis in human heterokaryons: II. a test for heterozygosity in xeroderma pigmentosum and some insight into the structure of the defective enzyme"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"Giannelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Research Unit, Guy\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, SE 1 9RT, England"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan A.","family":"Pawsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Research Unit, Guy\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, SE 1 9RT, England"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1974,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1038\/218652a0","article-title":"Defective repair replication of DNA in Xeroderma pigmentosum","volume":"224","author":"Cleaver","year":"1968","journal-title":"Nature, Lond"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.63.2.428","article-title":"Xeroderma pigmentosum: a human disease in which an initial stage of DNA repair is defective","volume":"63","author":"Cleaver","year":"1969","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12538913","article-title":"Xeroderma pigmentosum: variants with normal DNA repair and normal sensitivity to ultraviolet light","volume":"58","author":"Cleaver","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. invest. Derm"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(72)90482-X","article-title":"Excision repair (dimer excision, strand breakage and repair replication), in primary cultures of eukaryotic (bovine) cells","volume":"74","author":"Cleaver","year":"1972","journal-title":"Expl Cell Res"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1970.tb06025.x","article-title":"Absence of excision of ultraviolet-induced cyclobutane dimers in Xeroderma pigmentosum","volume":"11","author":"Cleaver","year":"1970","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(73)90422-9","article-title":"Repair of damaged DNA in the absence of protein synthesis in mammalian cells","volume":"76","author":"Gautschi","year":"1973","journal-title":"Expl Cell Res"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(73)90052-9","article-title":"DNA repair synthesis in human heterokaryons formed by normal and UV-sensitive fibroblasts","volume":"78","author":"Giannelli","year":"1973","journal-title":"Expl Cell Res"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1038\/205640a0","article-title":"Hybrid cells derived from mouse and man: artificial heterokaryons of mammalian cells from different species","volume":"205","author":"Harris","year":"1965","journal-title":"Nature, Lond"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/224495a0","article-title":"Excision of thymine dimers and other mismatched sequences by DNA polymerase of Escherichia coli","volume":"224","author":"Kelly","year":"1969","journal-title":"Nature, Lond"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)63419-2","article-title":"Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. XXXII. Replication of duplex deoxyribo-nucleic acid by polymerase at a single strand break","volume":"245","author":"Kelly","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. biol. Chem"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/0027-5107(73)90010-9","article-title":"Effects of inhibitors on repair of DNA in normal human and Xeroderma pigmentosum cells after exposure to X-rays and ultraviolet irradiation","volume":"17","author":"Kleijer","year":"1973","journal-title":"Mutation Res"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3325","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00794a002","article-title":"Enzymatic repair of deoxy-ribonucleic acid. IV. Mechanism of photoproduct excision","volume":"10","author":"Kushner","year":"1971","journal-title":"Biochemistry, N.Y"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.64.3.1035","article-title":"Evidence that Xeroderma pigmentosum cells do not perform the first step in the repair of ultraviolet damage to their DNA","volume":"64","author":"Setlow","year":"1969","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A"},{"key":"2023062017054073100_JOCES_15_1_163C14","first-page":"187","article-title":"Endonuclease from Micrococcus luteus which has activity toward ultraviolet-irradiated deoxyribonucleic acid ; its action on transforming deoxyribonucleic acid","volume":"102","author":"Setlow","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. 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