{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T05:12:08Z","timestamp":1740719528209,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1975,3,1]],"date-time":"1975-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":162864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The ultrastructure of lampbrush chromosomes has been examined in sections of endembedded spread preparations, where the nuclear sap was dispersed prior to fixation, and in oocyte nuclei fixed entire, in 60-kV and i-MV electron microscopes. In spread preparations the axial chromomeres are seen to be organized as regularly spaced, unravelled skeins of DNP, each with a skein width of some 30 nm, though in some chromomeres there are regions where the DNP is much more densely packed. In both unravelled and dense regions, the \u2018ultimate\u2019 DNP fibres, wherever they can be identified, appear to be some 5 nm wide and thrown into loose coils. The unravelled state, although it clearly reflects an orderly packaging of the non-transcribing DNP, is an artifact of preparation; in sections of entire nuclei all chromomeres are seen to consist of DNP fibrils in the more densely packed state. The interchromeric fibril is single, and some 10 nm or less wide; it shows no sign of transcriptional activity.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>In sections of end-embedded preparations the RNP matrix of most lateral loops, where transcription occurs, is seen to be made up of particles, each uniformly some 30 nm in diameter and strung together in linear array. These RNP particles are equally evident in sections of whole nuclei. In many loops the strings of particles are wound back on themselves to form regularly spaced, dense aggregates, each some 200\u2013300 nm wide or wider; the larger aggregates can be resolved in the light microscope. The RNP particles are of the same dimensions throughout the lengths of individual lateral loops, and of substantially the same dimensions in loops of different gross morphologies. It is suggested that as each successive short length of RNA is transcribed from loop axis DNA, a protein associates with this RNA and winds it up to form a \u2018manageable\u2019 package, allowing transcription to proceed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.17.3.241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T20:36:56Z","timestamp":1619469416000},"page":"241-262","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["An electron-microscope study of the lampbrush chromosomes of the newt <i>Triturus Cristatus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Margaret R.","family":"Mott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. G.","family":"Callan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1975,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C1","first-page":"139","article-title":"Chromomerenkonstanz und spczifische Modifikationen der Chromoso-menstruktur in der Entwicklung und Organdifferenzierung von Chironomus tentans","volume":"5","year":"1952","journal-title":"Chromosoma"},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7696(08)61114-6","article-title":"The nature of lampbrush chromosomes","volume":"15","year":"1963","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Cytol."},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C3","first-page":"85","article-title":"Chromosomes and nucleoli of the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci. x"},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C4","first-page":"135","article-title":"Lampbrush chromosomes of crested newts Triturus cristatus (Laurenti)","volume":"243","year":"1960","journal-title":"Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Ser. B"},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/234025a0","article-title":"General model for the chromosomes of higher organisms","volume":"234","year":"1971","journal-title":"Nature, Loud."},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C6","first-page":"17","article-title":"On the submicroscopic structure of chromosomes","volume":"8","year":"1956","journal-title":"Brookhaven Symp. Biol."},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1038\/198036a0","article-title":"Kinetics of deoxyribonuclease action on chromosomes","volume":"198","year":"1963","journal-title":"Nature, Loud."},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C8","first-page":"562","article-title":"(3H)-uridine incorporation in lampbrush chromosomes","volume-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.","year":"1962"},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C9","first-page":"697","article-title":"On flagellar structure in certain flagellates","volume-title":"J\u2019. biophys. biochem. Cytol.","year":"1960"},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.15.1.145","article-title":"Nonhistone proteins of the oocyte nucleus of the newt","volume":"15","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.50.2.550","article-title":"Hot alcoholic phosphotungstic acid and uranyl acetate as routine stains for thick and thin sections","volume":"50","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C12","first-page":"173","article-title":"The action of enzymes on lampbrush chromosomes","volume":"103","year":"1962","journal-title":"Q. Jl microsc. Sci."},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C13","first-page":"79","article-title":"Fine structure of lampbrush chromosomes","volume":"18","year":"1965","journal-title":"Natti. Cancer Inst. Monogr."},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1101\/SQB.1970.035.01.066","article-title":"Electron microscopic visualization of transcription","volume":"35","year":"1970","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Symp. quant. Biol."},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7696(08)61446-1","article-title":"Visualization of RNA synthesis on chromosomes","volume":"33","year":"1972","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Cytol."},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C16","first-page":"345","article-title":"The fine structure of ampullary electric receptors in Amiurus","volume":"160","year":"1964","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B"},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.17.1.208","article-title":"The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron-opaque stain in electron microscopy","volume":"17","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.5.1.1","article-title":"Evidence for a polarized movement of the lateral loops of newt lampbrush chromosomes during oogenesis","volume":"5","year":"1969","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"2025022705380512200_JOCES_17_2_241C19","first-page":"221","article-title":"Preliminary\u2019 account of an electron microscope study of chromosomes from newt oocytes","volume":"92","year":"1951","journal-title":"Q.Jl microsc. 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