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Viruses that replicate in the nucleus of post-mitotic cells use microtubules and the dynein\u2013dynactin motor to traffic to the nuclear membrane and deliver their genome through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) into the nucleus. How virus particles (virions) or cellular cargo are transferred from microtubules to the NPC is unknown. Here, we analyzed trafficking of incoming cytoplasmic adenoviruses by single-particle tracking and super-resolution microscopy. We provide evidence for a regulatory role of CRM1 (chromosome-region-maintenance-1; also known as XPO1, exportin-1) in juxta-nuclear microtubule-dependent adenovirus transport. Leptomycin B (LMB) abolishes nuclear targeting of adenovirus. It binds to CRM1, precludes CRM1\u2013cargo binding and blocks signal-dependent nuclear export. LMB-inhibited CRM1 did not compete with adenovirus for binding to the nucleoporin Nup214 at the NPC. Instead, CRM1 inhibition selectively enhanced virion association with microtubules, and boosted virion motions on microtubules less than \u223c2\u2005\u00b5m from the nuclear membrane. The data show that the nucleus provides positional information for incoming virions to detach from microtubules, engage a slower microtubule-independent motility to the NPC and enhance infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.203794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,17]],"date-time":"2017-05-17T20:10:23Z","timestamp":1495051823000},"page":"2185-2195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["The nuclear export factor CRM1 controls juxta-nuclear microtubule-dependent virus transport"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2159-7347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I-Hsuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":", University of Z\u00fcrich 1 Department of Molecular Life Sciences , 8057 Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph J.","family":"Burckhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", University of Z\u00fcrich 1 Department of Molecular Life Sciences , 8057 Zurich , Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas 2 Department of Bioinformatics , , Dallas, TX 75390 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Yakimovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", University of Z\u00fcrich 1 Department of Molecular Life Sciences , 8057 Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7862-8322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias K.","family":"Morf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", University of Z\u00fcrich 1 Department of Molecular Life Sciences , 8057 Zurich , Switzerland"},{"name":", ETH and University of Z\u00fcrich 3 Molecular Life Sciences Graduate School , 8057 Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2278-120X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urs F.","family":"Greber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", University of Z\u00fcrich 1 Department of Molecular Life Sciences , 8057 Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2024061317010762900_JCS203794C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2008.38","article-title":"Subversion of CtBP1 controlled macropinocytosis by human Adenovirus serotype 3","volume":"27","author":"Amstutz","year":"2008","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2024061317010762900_JCS203794C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth928","article-title":"Quantitative four-dimensional tracking of cytoplasmic and nuclear HIV-1 complexes","volume":"3","author":"Arhel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. 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