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Although muscle fiber types are established postnatally, lifelong plasticity facilitates stimulus-dependent adaptation. Functional adaptation requires molecular adaptation, which is partially provided by miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation. miR-206 is a muscle-specific miRNA enriched in slow muscles. We investigated whether miR-206 drives the slow muscle phenotype or is merely an outcome. We found that miR-206 expression increases in both physiological (including female sex and endurance exercise) and pathological conditions (muscular dystrophy and adrenergic agonism) that promote a slow phenotype. Consistent with that observation, the slow soleus muscle of male miR-206-knockout mice displays a faster phenotype than wild-type mice. Moreover, left ventricles of male miR-206 knockout mice have a faster myosin profile, accompanied by dilation and systolic dysfunction. Thus, miR-206 appears to be necessary to enforce a slow skeletal and cardiac muscle phenotype and to play a key role in muscle sexual dimorphisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.243162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T16:32:45Z","timestamp":1593793965000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["miR-206 enforces a slow muscle phenotype"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9540-6657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristen K.","family":"Bjorkman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology , , 3415 Colorado Ave., UCB596, Boulder, CO 80303 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin G.","family":"Guess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology , , 3415 Colorado Ave., UCB596, Boulder, CO 80303 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brooke C.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology , , 3415 Colorado Ave., UCB596, Boulder, CO 80303 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Polmear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology , , 3415 Colorado Ave., UCB596, Boulder, CO 80303 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela K.","family":"Peter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology , , 3415 Colorado Ave., UCB596, Boulder, CO 80303 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1470-4810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leslie A.","family":"Leinwand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology , , 3415 Colorado Ave., UCB596, Boulder, CO 80303 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041419062203200_JCS243162C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2007-0022","article-title":"The micro-ribonucleic acid (miRNA) miR-206 targets the human estrogen receptor-\u03b1 (ER\u03b1) and represses ER\u03b1 messenger RNA and protein expression in breast cancer cell lines","volume":"21","author":"Adams","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. 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