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Malaria parasites, which have lost the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway for repairing DNA double-strand breaks, have evolved unique mechanisms that enable them to robustly maintain genome integrity under such harsh conditions. However, the nature of these adaptations is unknown. We show that a highly conserved RNA splicing factor, P. falciparum (Pf)SR1, plays an unexpected and crucial role in DNA repair in malaria parasites. Using an inducible and reversible system to manipulate PfSR1 expression, we demonstrate that this protein is recruited to foci of DNA damage. Although loss of PfSR1 does not impair parasite viability, the protein is essential for their recovery from DNA-damaging agents or exposure to artemisinin, the first-line antimalarial drug, demonstrating its necessity for DNA repair. These findings provide key insights into the evolution of DNA repair pathways in malaria parasites as well as the ability of the parasite to recover from antimalarial treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.258572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T09:09:08Z","timestamp":1626944948000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["An SR protein is essential for activating DNA repair in malaria parasites"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Manish","family":"Goyal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics , , Jerusalem 91120 , Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brajesh Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics , , Jerusalem 91120 , Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Simantov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics , , Jerusalem 91120 , Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yotam","family":"Kaufman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics , , Jerusalem 91120 , Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiri","family":"Eshar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics , , Jerusalem 91120 , Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7878-1650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ron","family":"Dzikowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics , , Jerusalem 91120 , Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024061307121322900_JCS258572C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2014.09.009","article-title":"Emerging importance of mismatch repair components including UvrD helicase and their cross-talk with the development of drug resistance in malaria parasite","volume":"770","author":"Ahmad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mutat. 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