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The recent discovery of TmeA, which, like TarP, is an invasion-associated type III effector implicated in actin remodeling, raised questions regarding the nature of their functional interaction. Quantitative live-cell imaging of actin remodeling at invasion sites revealed differences in recruitment and turnover kinetics associated with the TarP and TmeA pathways, with the former accounting for most of the robust actin dynamics at invasion sites. TarP-mediated recruitment of actin nucleators, i.e. formins and the Arp2\/3 complex, was crucial for rapid actin kinetics, generating a collaborative positive feedback loop that enhanced their respective actin-nucleating activities within invasion sites. In contrast, the formin Fmn1 was not recruited to invasion sites and did not collaborate with Arp2\/3 within the context of TmeA-associated actin recruitment. Although the TarP-Fmn1-Arp2\/3 signaling axis is responsible for the majority of actin dynamics, its inhibition had similar effects as the deletion of TmeA on invasion efficiency, consistent with the proposed model that TarP and TmeA act on different stages of the same invasion pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.260185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]],"date-time":"2022-09-12T09:12:58Z","timestamp":1662973978000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Distinct roles of the <i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i> effectors TarP and TmeA in the regulation of formin and Arp2\/3 during entry"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3459-1019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew D.","family":"Romero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center Department of Pathology and Microbiology , , Omaha, NE 68198-5900 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5708-5493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rey A.","family":"Carabeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center Department of Pathology and Microbiology , , Omaha, NE 68198-5900 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022100508405947400_JCS260185C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172, 172.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.06.030","article-title":"SnapShot: formins","volume":"142","author":"Baarlink","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2022100508405947400_JCS260185C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.145.2.331","article-title":"Relationship between Arp2\/3 complex and the barbed ends of actin filaments at the leading edge of carcinoma cells after epidermal growth factor stimulation","volume":"145","author":"Bailly","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. 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