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These differences are dependent on heart anatomy: a newly discovered first pair of ostia is connected to bilateral thoraco-abdominal hemolymph channels. These channels are part of a venous space separated from the abdominal hemocoel by a septum, consisting of a metanotal ridge and the pericardial diaphragm lined by a special form of fat body. The channels are sealed, and their lumen is possibly controlled by the metathoracic tergo-pleural muscle. During retrograde pulses, the heart chamber works like a suction pump,aspiring hemolymph through the first ostia from the venous channels and discharging it through a newly described caudal opening. During forward beating, the anterior chamber receives hemolymph via all inflow ostia from the entire heart and drives it like a pressure pump through the narrow aorta. Also, during forward pulses, a lateral circulation occurs in the thorax as a result of the venous supply. Inhibition of abdominal mobility leads to an irregular heart rate, with pulse-wise alternating heartbeat reversals. The possible involvement of slow abdominal movements in heartbeat periodicity is discussed. The heartbeat periods are superimposed with intermittent bouts of abdominal pumping movements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.007864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,19]],"date-time":"2007-10-19T15:00:53Z","timestamp":1192806053000},"page":"3707-3719","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["<i>Drosophila<\/i>flies combine periodic heartbeat reversal with a circulation in the anterior body mediated by a newly discovered anterior pair of ostial valves and `venous' channels"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"210","author":[{"given":"Lutz T.","family":"Wasserthal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Staudtstrasse 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042511085587400_REF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Angioy, A. M. (1988). 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