{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:31:22Z","timestamp":1790800282235,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>The post-feeding alkaline tide (elevated blood pH and HCO3\u2013) has been well characterised in air-breathing animals, but to date this phenomenon has only been demonstrated in one piscine species, a marine elasmobranch. We have investigated the acid\u2013base and ion regulatory responses of a freshwater teleost to voluntary feeding as well as to involuntary filling of the stomach via an indwelling gastric intubation tube. One group of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed a 1% body mass ration of homogenised food via the gastric intubation tube. Another group fed voluntarily on a 1% body mass ration. Blood samples were taken via dorsal aortic catheters from fish in both groups before feeding and over the subsequent 72 h. Trout fed via the gastric intubation tube exhibited post-prandial metabolic alkalosis of the blood (pH and plasma HCO3\u2013 increases of up to \u223c0.2 pH units and 3 mmol l\u20131, respectively), that was more than twofold greater than the voluntary feeding fish, and took three times as long to recover (72 versus 24 h). Arterial PCO2 was unchanged in both groups indicating that freshwater trout do not retain CO2 to compensate for a post-prandial alkaline tide. Although excretion of HCO3\u2013 to the water increased post-prandially, NH4+ excretion followed a similar pattern, such that net acid equivalent fluxes were unaffected. Thus, sites other than the gills or kidney must be responsible for recovery of blood acid\u2013base status, with intestinal HCO3\u2013secretion being a likely candidate. In addition, fish fed via the gastric intubation tube experienced a large (17 mmol l\u20131) but acute (6 h) drop in plasma chloride and a very large (53%) and long lasting decline in plasma magnesium concentration, that were absent in voluntarily feeding fish. These results further indicate a potentially important role for neuro-endocrine mediated mechanisms when fish feed voluntarily, in promoting the earlier initiation of compensatory responses that regulate blood ion levels and acid\u2013base status. This aspect should also be considered when interpreting studies on other aspects of post-prandial physiology, where force feeding by gavage is commonly used in preference to voluntary feeding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.015586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,14]],"date-time":"2008-07-14T22:43:18Z","timestamp":1216075398000},"page":"2542-2550","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Post-prandial alkaline tide in freshwater rainbow trout: effects of meal anticipation on recovery from acid\u2013base and ion regulatory disturbances"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"211","author":[{"given":"C. A.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Hatherly Laboratories,Exeter, Devon EX4 4PS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. W.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Hatherly Laboratories,Exeter, Devon EX4 4PS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042511230505400_REF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andersen, J. B. and Wang, T. (2003). Cardio-respiratory effects of forced activity and digestion in toads. Physiol. Biochem. Zool.76,459-470.","DOI":"10.1086\/375439"},{"key":"2021042511230505400_REF2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andersen, J. B., Andrade, D. V. and Wang, T.(2003). Effects of inhibition gastric acid secretion on arterial acid base status during digestion in the toad Bufo marinus.Comp. Biochem. Physiol.135A,425-433.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1095-6433(03)00108-9"},{"key":"2021042511230505400_REF3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arvedsen, S. K., Andersen, J. B., Zaar, M., Andrade, D. V., Abe,A. S. and Wang, T. (2005). 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Flux measurements as indices of H+ and metal effects on freshwater fish. Aquat. Toxicol.22,239-264.","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-445X(92)90043-M"},{"key":"2021042511230505400_REF48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wood, C. M., Kajimura, M., Mommsen, T. P. and Walsh, P. J.(2005). Alkaline tide and nitrogen conservation after feeding in an elasmobranch (Squalus acanthias). J. Exp. Biol.208,2693-2705.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.01678"},{"key":"2021042511230505400_REF49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wood, C. M., Bucking, C. P., Fitzpatrick, J. and Nadella, S. R. (2007). The alkaline tide goes out and the nitrogen stays in after feeding in the dogfish shark, Squalus acanthias.Respir. Physiol. 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