{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:47:12Z","timestamp":1787320032407,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"18","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fishes require complex coordinated motions of the jaws, body and fins during feeding in order to successfully execute the strike or bite and then move away from the predation site. In conjunction with locomotor systems,sensory modalities guide coordinated feeding behavior, with vision playing an important role in many fishes. Although often studied separately, the locomotor, feeding and visual systems have not previously been examined together during fish feeding. To explore feeding coordination, we examined the kinematics of feeding behavior in two species of herbivorous parrotfish, Sparisoma radians and Scarus quoyi, which exhibit different single bite and repetitive bite strategies. Kinematic data on pectoral fin movements and body position show distinctive differences in strategies for the approach and post-strike motion between these species. Sparisoma and Scarus exhibited significant differences in the magnitude of jaw protrusion, time to maximum jaw protrusion, cranial elevation, and order of events in the feeding sequence. Oculomotor data show that both species orient the pupil forward and downward directed at the site of jaw contact until 100 ms before the bite, at which point the visual field is rotated laterally. Combinations of kinematic variables show repeated patterns of synchrony (onset and duration) for the approach to the food (distance, velocity, eye movement),prey capture (eye movement, jaw movement, fin movement) and post-capture maneuvering (fin movement, distance). Kinematic analyses of multiple functional systems reveal coordination mechanisms for detecting and approaching prey and executing the rapid opening and closing of the jaws during acquisition of food. Comparison of the coordination of feeding,swimming and sensory systems among fish species can elucidate alternative coordination strategies involved in herbivory in coral reef fishes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.01779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,9]],"date-time":"2005-09-09T16:32:33Z","timestamp":1126283553000},"page":"3503-3518","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Coordination of feeding, locomotor and visual systems in parrotfishes(Teleostei: Labridae)"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"208","author":[{"given":"Aaron N.","family":"Rice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, The University of Chicago,Chicago, IL 60637, USA"},{"name":"Department of Zoology, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark W.","family":"Westneat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, The University of Chicago,Chicago, IL 60637, USA"},{"name":"Department of Zoology, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alfaro, M. E. and Westneat, M. W. (1999). Motor patterns of herbivorous feeding: electromyographic analysis of biting in the parrotfishes Cetoscarus bicolor and Scarus iseri. Brain Behav. Evol.54,205-222.","DOI":"10.1159\/000006624"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alfaro, M. E., Janovetz, J. and Westneat, M. W.(2001). Motor control across trophic strategies: muscle activity of biting and suction feeding fishes. Am. Zool.41,1266-1279.","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/41.6.1266"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali, M. A. and Anctil, M. (1976). Retinas of Fishes: An Atlas. Berlin:Springer-Verlag.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-66435-9"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF4","unstructured":"Anisdon, M. E., Sivak, J. G. and Callender, M. G. E.(2001). Accommodation and eye movements in the oscar, Astronotus ocellatus. In Sensory Biology of Jawed Fishes:New Insights (ed. B. G. Kapoor and T. J. Hara), pp.97-119. Enfield, NH: Science Publishers."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF5","unstructured":"Barlow, G. W. (1977). Modal action patterns. In How Animals Communicate (ed. T. A. Sebeok), pp.98-134. Bloomington: Indiana University Press."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barry, K. L. and Hawryshyn, C. W. (1999). Spectral sensitivity of the Hawaiian saddle wrasse, Thalassoma duperrey, and implications for visually mediated behaviour on coral reefs. Environ. Biol. Fish.56,429-442.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007556112449"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baylor, E. R. (1967). Vision of Bermuda reef fishes. Nature214,306-307.","DOI":"10.1038\/214306a0"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bellwood, D. R. (1994). A phylogenetic study of the parrotfishes family Scaridae (Pisces: Labroidei), with a revision of genera. Rec. Aust. Mus.Suppl. 20,1-86.","DOI":"10.3853\/j.0812-7387.20.1994.51"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bellwood, D. R. (2003). Origins and escalation of herbivory in fishes: a functional perspective. Paleobiology29,71-83.","DOI":"10.1666\/0094-8373(2003)029<0071:OAEOHI>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bellwood, D. R. and Choat, J. H. (1990). A functional analysis grazing in parrotfishes (family Scaridae): the ecological implications. Environ. Biol. Fish.28,189-214.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00751035"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bellwood, D. R. and Wainwright, P. C. (2001). Locomotion in labrid fishes: implications for habitat use and cross-shelf biogeography on the Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs20,139-150.","DOI":"10.1007\/s003380100156"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernardi, G., Robertson, D. R., Clifton, K. E. and Azzurro,E. (2000). Molecular systematics, zoogeography, and evolutionary ecology of the Atlantic parrotfish genus Sparisoma. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.15,292-300.","DOI":"10.1006\/mpev.1999.0745"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF13","unstructured":"Bernstein, N. B. (1967). The Coordination and Regulation of Movements. London: Pergamon Press."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Board, P. A. (1956). The feeding mechanism of the fish Sparisoma cretense (Linne\u0301). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.127,59-77.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1956.tb00460.x"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borla, M. A., Palecek, B., Budick, S. and O'Malley, D. M.(2002). Prey capture by larval zebrafish: evidence for fine axial motor control. Brain Behav. Evol.60,207-229.","DOI":"10.1159\/000066699"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bruggemann, J. H., Kuyper, M. W. M. and Breeman, A. M.(1994). Comparative analysis of foraging and habitat use by the sympatric Caribbean parrotfish Scarus vetula and Sparisoma viride (Scaridae). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.112, 51-66.","DOI":"10.3354\/meps112051"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF17","unstructured":"Bullock, A. E. and Monod, T. (1997). Myologie ce\u0301phalique de deux poissons perroquets (Teleostei: Scaridae). Cybium21,173-199."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carroll, A. M. (2004). Muscle activation and strain during suction feeding in the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. J. Exp. Biol.207,983-991.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.00862"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choat, J. H. (1991). The biology of herbivorous fishes on coral reefs. In The Ecology of Fishes on Coral Reefs (ed. P. F. Sale), pp. 120-155. San Diego: Academic Press.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-092551-6.50011-8"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choat, J. H. and Clements, K. D. (1998). Vertebrate herbivores in marine and terrestrial environments: a nutritional ecology perspective. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst.29,375-403.","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.375"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF21","unstructured":"Choat, J. H., Robbins, W. D. and Clements, K. D.(2002). The trophic status of herbivorous fishes on coral reefs. I. Dietary analyses. Mar. Biol.140,613-623."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choat, J. H., Robbins, W. D. and Clements, K. D.(2004). The trophic status of herbivorous fishes on coral reefs. II. Food processing modes and trophodynamics. Mar. Biol.145,445-454.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-004-1341-7"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clarac, F. (1984). Spatial and temporal co-ordination during walking in crustacea. Trends Neurosci.7,293-298.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(84)80199-X"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clements, K. D. and Bellwood, D. R. (1988). A comparison of the feeding mechanisms of two herbivorous labroid fishes, the temperate Odax pullus and the tropical Scarus rubroviolaceus. Aust. J. Mar. Fresh. Res.39, 87-107.","DOI":"10.1071\/MF9880087"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collin, S. P. and Shand, J. (2003). Retinal sampling and the visual field in fishes. In Sensory Processing in the Aquatic Environment (ed. S. P. Collin and N. J. Marshall),pp. 139-169. New York: Springer-Verlag.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-22628-6_8"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cook, A. (1996). Ontogeny of feeding morphology and kinematics in juvenile fishes: a case study of the cottid fish Clinocottus analis. J. Exp. Biol.199,1961-1971.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.199.9.1961"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF27","unstructured":"Cordo, P. J. and Gurfinkel, V. S. (2003). Motor coordination can be fully understood only by studying complex movements. Prog. Brain Res.143,29-38."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deban, S. M. and Dicke, U. (1999). Motor control of tongue movement during prey capture in plethodontid salamanders. J. Exp. Biol.202,3699-3714.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.202.24.3699"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deban, S. M., O'Reilly, J. C. and Nishikawa, K. C.(2001). The evolution of the motor control of feeding in amphibians. Am. Zool.41,1280-1298.","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/41.6.1280"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Drucker, E. G. and Lauder, G. V. (2002). Wake dynamics and locomotor function in fishes: interpreting evolutionary patterns in pectoral fin design. Integr. Comp. Biol.42,997-1008.","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/42.5.997"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Drucker, E. G. and Lauder, G. V. (2003). Function of pectoral fins in rainbow trout: behavioral repertoire and hydrodynamic forces. J. Exp. Biol.206,813-826.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.00139"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Easter, S. S., Jr and Nicola, G. N. (1996). The development of vision in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Dev. Biol.180,646-663.","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1996.0335"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Easter, S. S., Jr and Nicola, G. N. (1997). The development of eye movements in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Dev. Psychobiol.31,267-276.","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2302(199712)31:4<267::AID-DEV4>3.0.CO;2-P"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF34","unstructured":"Endler, J. A. (1986). Defense against predators. In Predator-Prey Relationships: Perspectives and Approaches from the Study of Lower Vertebrates (ed. G. V. Lauder and M. F. Feder), pp. 109-134. Chicago: University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF35","unstructured":"Fernald, R. D. (1990). The optical system of fishes. In The Visual System of Fish (ed. R. H. Douglas and M. B. A. Djamgoz), pp. 45-61. London:Chapman and Hall."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fernald, R. D. and Wright, S. E. (1985). Growth of the visual system in the African cichlid fish, Haplochromis burtoni: accommodation. Vision Res.25,163-170.","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(85)90109-9"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferry-Graham, L. A. and Lauder, G. V. (2001). Aquatic prey capture in ray-finned fishes: A century of progress and new directions. J. Morphol.248,99-119.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1023"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferry-Graham, L. A., Wainwright, P. C., Westneat, M. W. and Bellwood, D. R. (2001). Modulation of prey capture kinematics in the cheeklined wrasse Oxycheilinus digrammus (Teleostei:Labridae). J. Exp. Zool.290,88-100.","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1038"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferry-Graham, L. A., Bolnick, D. I. and Wainwright, P. C.(2002a). Using functional morphology to examine the ecology and evolution of specialization. Integr. Comp. Biol.42,265-277.","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/42.2.265"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferry-Graham, L. A., Wainwright, P. C., Westneat, M. W. and Bellwood, D. R. (2002b). Mechanisms of benthic prey capture in wrasses (Labridae). Mar. Biol.141,819-830.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-002-0882-x"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF41","unstructured":"Grubich, J. R. (2001). Prey capture in Actinopterygian fishes: a review of suction feeding motor patterns with new evidence from an elopomorph fish, Megalops atlanticus. Am. Zool.41,1258-1265."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harris, A. J. (1965). Eye movements of the dogfish Squalus acanthias L. J. Exp. Biol.43,107-138.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.43.1.107"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Janssen, J. and Corcoran, J. (1993). Lateral line stimuli can override vision to determine sunfish strike trajectory. J. Exp. Biol.176,299-305.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.176.1.299"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krause, J. and Godin, J. J. (1996). Influence of prey foraging posture on flight behavior and predation risk: predators take advantage of unwary prey. Behav. Ecol.7, 264-271.","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/7.3.264"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lara, M. R. (2001). Morphology of the eye and visual acuities in the settlement-intervals of some coral reef fishes(Labridae, Scaridae). Environ. Biol. Fish.62,365-378.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012214229164"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lauder, G. V. and Drucker, E. G. (2002). Forces, fishes, and fluids: hydrodynamic mechanisms of aquatic locomotion. News Physiol. Sci.17,235-240.","DOI":"10.1152\/nips.01398.2002"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liem, K. F. (1978). Modulatory multiplicity in the functional repertoire of the feeding mechanism in cichlid fishes. I. Piscivores. J. Morphol.158,323-360.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1051580305"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liem, K. F. (1979). Modulatory multiplicity in the feeding mechanism in cichlid fishes, as exemplified by the invertebrate pickers of Lake Tanganyika. J. Zool. (Lond.)189,93-125.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1979.tb03954.x"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lobel, P. S. and Ogden, J. C. (1981). Foraging by the herbivorous parrotfish Sparisoma radians. Mar. Biol.64,173-183.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00397106"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Massion, J. (1992). Movement, posture and equilibrium: interaction and coordination. Prog. Neurobiol.38,35-56.","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(92)90034-C"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF51","unstructured":"Massion, J. and Dufosse\u0301, M. (1988). Coordination between posture and movement: why and how? News Physiol. Sci.3,88-93."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF52","unstructured":"Massion, J., Alexandrov, A. and Frolov, A.(2003). Why and how are posture and movement coordinated?Prog. Brain Res.143,13-27."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF53","unstructured":"Monod, T., Hureau, J. C. and Bullock, A. E.(1994). Oste\u0301ologie ce\u0301phalique de deux poissons perroquets (Scaridae: Teleostei). Cybium18,135-168."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Montgomery, J. C., Macdonald, F., Baker, C. F. and Carton, A. G. (2002). Hydrodynamic contributions to multimodal guidance of prey capture behavior in fish. Brain Behav. Evol.59,190-198.","DOI":"10.1159\/000064906"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Munz, F. W. (1958). Retinal pigments of a labrid fish. Nature181,1012-1013.","DOI":"10.1038\/1811012a0"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"New, J., Alborg Fewkes, L. and Khan, A. (2001). Strike feeding behavior in the muskellunge, Esox masquinongy:contributions of the lateral line and visual sensory systems. J. Exp. Biol.204,1207-1221.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.204.6.1207"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF57","unstructured":"Ochavillo, D. G., Dixon, P. I. and Alin\u0303o, P. M.(1992). The daily food ration of parrotfishes in the fringing reefs of Bolinao, Pangasinan, Northwestern Philippines. Proc. 7th Int. Coral Reef Symp.2,927-933."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogden, J. C. and Buckman, N. S. (1973). Movements, foraging groups, and diurnal migrations of the striped parrotfish Scarus croicensis Bloch (Scaridae). Ecology54,589-596.","DOI":"10.2307\/1935344"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Overholtzer, K. L. and Motta, P. J. (2000). Effects of mixed-species foraging groups on the feeding and aggression of juvenile parrotfishes. Environ. Biol. Fish.58,345-354.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007630118383"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pettigrew, J. D., Collin, S. P. and Fritsches, K.(2000). Prey capture and accommodation in the sandlance, Limnichthyes fasciatus (Creediidae; Teleostei). J. Comp. Physiol. A186,247-260.","DOI":"10.1007\/s003590050425"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rand, D. M. and Lauder, G. V. (1981). Prey capture in the chain pickerel, Esox niger: correlations between feeding and locomotor behavior. Can. J. Zool.59,1072-1078.","DOI":"10.1139\/z81-149"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF62","unstructured":"Randall, J. E. (1967). Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr.5, 665-847."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reilly, S. M. (1995). The ontogeny of aquatic feeding behavior in Salamandra salamandra: stereotypy and isometry in feeding kinematics. J. Exp. Biol.198,701-708.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.198.3.701"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodriguez, F., Salas, C., Vargas, J. P. and Torres, B.(2001). Eye-movement recording in freely moving animals. Physiol. Behav.72,455-460.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(00)00314-0"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF65","unstructured":"Rohlf, F. J. (2003). tpsDIG32 v. 1.37. Stony Brook, NY: State University of New York."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sanderson, S. L. (1991). Functional stereotypy and feeding performance correlated in a trophic specialist. Funct. Ecol.5,795-803.","DOI":"10.2307\/2389543"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schleidt, W. M. (1974). How `fixed' is the fixed action pattern? Z. Tierpsychol.36,184-211.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0310.1974.tb02131.x"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schriefer, J. E. and Hale, M. E. (2004). Strikes and startles of northern pike (Esox lucius): a comparison of muscle activity and kinematics between S-start behaviors. J. Exp. Biol.207,535-544.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.00789"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siebeck, U. E. and Marshall, N. J. (2000). Transmission of ocular media in labrid fishes. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B355,1257-1261.","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2000.0679"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Streelman, J. T., Alfaro, M., Westneat, M. W., Bellwood, D. R. and Karl, S. A. (2002). Evolutionary history of the parrotfishes: biogeography, ecomorphology, and comparative diversity. Evolution56,961-971.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01408.x"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Svanba\u0308ck, R., Wainwright, P. C. and Ferry-Graham, L. A.(2002). Linking cranial kinematics, buccal pressure, and suction feeding performance in largemouth bass. Physiol. Biochem. Zool.75,532-543.","DOI":"10.1086\/344495"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tamura, T. (1957). A study of visual perception in fish, especially on resolving power and accommodation. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish.22,536-557.","DOI":"10.2331\/suisan.22.536"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF73","unstructured":"Tauber, E. S. and Weitzman, E. D. (1969). Eye movements during behavioral inactivity in certain Bermuda reef fish. Commun. Behav. Biol. A3, 131-135."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tedman, R. A. (1980a). Comparative study of the cranial morphology of the labrids Choerodon venustus and Labroides dimidiatus and the scarid Scarus fasciatus(Pisces: Perciformes). I. Head skeleton. Aust. J. Mar. Fresh. Res.31,337-349.","DOI":"10.1071\/MF9800337"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tedman, R. A. (1980b). Comparative study of the cranial morphology of the labrids Choerodon venustus and Labroides dimidiatus and the scarid Scarus fasciatus(Pisces: Perciformes). II. Cranial myology and feeding mechanisms. Aust. J. Mar. Fresh. Res.31,351-372.","DOI":"10.1071\/MF9800351"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thorsen, D. H. and Westneat, M. W. (2005). Diversity of pectoral fin structure and function in fishes with labriform propulsion. J. Morphol.263,133-150.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.10173"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF77","unstructured":"Trevarthen, C. (1968). Vision in fish: the origins of the visual frame for action in vertebrates. In The Central Nervous System and Fish Behavior (ed. D. Ingle), pp.61-94. Chicago: University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turvey, M. T. (1990). Coordination. Am. Psychol.45,938-953.","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.45.8.938"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF79","unstructured":"Wainwright, P. C. (1994). Functional morphology as a tool in ecological research. In Ecological Morphology:Integrative Organismal Biology (ed. P. C. Wainwright and S. M. Reilly), pp. 42-59. Chicago: University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wainwright, P. C. (1996). Ecological explanation through functional morphology: the feeding biology of sunfishes. Ecology77,1336-1343.","DOI":"10.2307\/2265531"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wainwright, P. C. and Bellwood, D. R. (2002). Ecomorphology of feeding in coral reef fishes. In Coral Reef Fishes: Dynamics and Diversity in a Complex Ecosystem (ed. P. F. Sale), pp. 81-102. New York: Academic Press.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012615185-5\/50004-9"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wainwright, P. C., Ferry-Graham, L. A., Waltzek, T. B., Carroll,A. M., Hulsey, C. D. and Grubich, J. R. (2001). Evaluating the use of ram and suction during prey capture by cichlid fishes. J. Exp. Biol.204,3039-3051.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.204.17.3039"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wainwright, P. C., Bellwood, D. R. and Westneat, M. W.(2002). Ecomorphology of locomotion in labrid fishes. Environ. Biol. Fish.65,47-62.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1019671131001"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wainwright, P. C., Bellwood, D. R., Westneat, M. W., Grubich, J. R. and Hoey, A. S. (2004). A functional morphospace for the skull of labrid fishes: patterns of diversity in a complex biomechanical system. Biol. J. Linn. Soc.82, 1-25.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2004.00313.x"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF85","unstructured":"Walker, J. A. (1997). QuickSAND: Quick Smoothing and Numerical Differentiation for the Power Macintosh v. 008. Chicago, IL: Field Museum of Natural History."},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walker, J. A. (1998). Estimating velocities and accelerations of animal locomotion: a simulation experiment comparing numerical differentiation algorithms. J. Exp. Biol.201,981-995.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.201.7.981"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walker, J. A. and Westneat, M. W. (1997). Labriform propulsion in fishes: kinematics of flapping aquatic flight in the bird wrasse Gomphosus varius (Labridae). J. Exp. Biol.200,1549-1569.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.200.11.1549"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walker, J. A. and Westneat, M. W. (2000). Mechanical performance of aquatic rowing and flying. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B267,1875-1881.","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1224"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walker, J. A. and Westneat, M. W. (2002a). Kinematics, dynamics, and energetics of rowing and flapping propulsion in fishes. Integr. Comp. Biol.42,1032-1043.","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/42.5.1032"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walker, J. A. and Westneat, M. W. (2002b). Performance limits of labriform propulsion and correlates with fin shape and motion. J. Exp. Biol.205,177-187.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.205.2.177"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waltzek, T. B. and Wainwright, P. C. (2003). Functional morphology of extreme jaw protrusion in Neotropical cichlids. J. Morphol.257,96-106.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.10111"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Webb, P. W. (1984a). Body and fin form and strike tactics of four teleost predators attacking fathead minnow(Pimephales promelas) prey. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.41,157-165.","DOI":"10.1139\/f84-016"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Webb, P. W. (1984b). Body form, locomotion and foraging in aquatic vertebrates. Am. Zool.24,107-120.","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/24.1.107"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weiss, P. and Jeannerod, M. (1998). Getting a grasp on coordination. News Physiol. Sci.13, 70-75.","DOI":"10.1152\/physiologyonline.1998.13.2.70"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Westneat, M. W. (1995). Feeding, function, and phylogeny: analysis of historical biomechanics in labrid fishes using comparative methods. Syst. Biol.44,361-383.","DOI":"10.2307\/2413598"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Westneat, M. W. (1996). Functional morphology of aquatic flight in fishes: kinematics, electromyography, and mechanical modeling of labriform locomotion. Am. Zool.36,582-598.","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/36.6.582"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Westneat, M. W. and Alfaro, M. E. (2005). Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the reef fish family Labridae. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.36,370-390.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2005.02.001"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Westneat, M. W. and Walker, J. A. (1997). Motor patterns of labriform locomotion: kinematic and electromyographic analysis of pectoral fin swimming in the labrid fish Gomphosus varius. J. Exp. Biol.200,1881-1893.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.200.13.1881"},{"key":"2021042510343470800_REF99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Westneat, M. W., Alfaro, M. E., Wainwright, P. C., Bellwood, D. R., Grubich, J. R., Fessler, J. L., Clements, K. D. and Smith, L. L.(2005). Local phylogenetic divergence and global evolutionary convergence of skull function in reef fishes of the family Labridae. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B272,993-1000.","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2004.3013"}],"container-title":["Journal of Experimental Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article-pdf\/208\/18\/3503\/1252862\/3503.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article-pdf\/208\/18\/3503\/1252862\/3503.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T10:30:40Z","timestamp":1706524240000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article\/208\/18\/3503\/15708\/Coordination-of-feeding-locomotor-and-visual"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,15]]},"references-count":99,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jeb.01779","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-9145","0022-0949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-9145","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0022-0949","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,15]]}}}