{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:57:53Z","timestamp":1791845873193,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"17","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Studies concerning the echolocation behaviour of odontocetes focus mainly on target detection and discrimination, either in stationary animals or in animals approaching a specific target. We present the first data on the use of echolocation for spatial orientation or navigation. Synchronised video and high-frequency recordings were made of two harbour porpoises trained to swim from one position to another across an outdoor pool in order to correlate swimming and echolocation behaviour. Both porpoises showed a clear range-locking behaviour on specific positions near the end of the pool, as indicated by a decrease in click interval with decreasing distance. The decrease in click interval followed the two-way-transit time, which is the time interval between the outgoing click and the received echo from the focal object. This suggests that the porpoises used focal objects as landmarks. The lag time, defined as the time between the arrival of an echo from a landmark and the emission of the next click, was task specific. The lag time was longer for difficult tasks (26\u201336 ms) and shorter for simpler tasks(14\u201319 ms), with some individual differences between the two animals. Our results suggest that echolocation by odontocetes is used not only for target detection, localisation and classification but also for spatial orientation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.01786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,18]],"date-time":"2005-08-18T15:57:43Z","timestamp":1124380663000},"page":"3385-3394","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Spatial orientation in echolocating harbour porpoises (\n                    <i>Phocoena phocoena<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"208","author":[{"given":"Ursula K.","family":"Verfu\u00df","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fjord & B\u00e6lt, Margretes Plads 1, DK-5300 Kerteminde,Denmark"},{"name":"Tierphysiologie, Zoologisches Institut, Universita\u0308t Tu\u0308bingen,Auf der Morgenstelle 28, D-72076 Tu\u0308bingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee A.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M,Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Ulrich","family":"Schnitzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tierphysiologie, Zoologisches Institut, Universita\u0308t Tu\u0308bingen,Auf der Morgenstelle 28, D-72076 Tu\u0308bingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042510355132000_REF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akamatsu, T., Wang, D., Nakamura, K. and Wang, K.(1998). 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Echolocation signals of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in light and complete darkness. In Harbour Porpoises\u2013 Laboratory Studies to Reduce Bycatch (ed. P. E. Nachtigall, J. Lien, W. W. L. Au and A. J. Read), pp.55-67. Woerden, The Netherlands: De Spil Publishers."},{"key":"2021042510355132000_REF25","unstructured":"Kastelein, R. A., Schooneman, N. M., Au, W. W. L., Verboom, W. C. and Vaughan, N. (1997). The ability of a harbour porpoise(Phocoena phocoena) to discriminate between objects buried in sand. In The Biology of the Harbour Porpoise (ed. A. J. Read, P. R. Wiepkema and P. E. Nachtigall), pp.329-342. Woerden, The Netherlands: De Spil Publishers."},{"key":"2021042510355132000_REF26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kastelein, R. A., Au, W. W. L., Rippe, H. T. and Schooneman, N. M. (1999). Target detection by an echolocating harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). J. Acoust. Soc. 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