{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T08:00:19Z","timestamp":1778745619510,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"19","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is a major bioactive lipid that is enzymatically generated by phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Previously, we showed that LPC is present in the saliva of the blood-sucking hemipteran Rhodnius prolixus and modulates cell-signaling pathways involved in vascular biology, which aids blood feeding. Here, we show that the saliva of the predator insect Belostoma anurum contains a large number of lipids with LPC accounting for 25% of the total phospholipids. A PLA2 enzyme likely to be involved in LPC generation was characterized. The activity of this enzyme is 5-fold higher in Belostoma saliva than in other studied hemipterans, suggesting a close association with the predator feeding habits of this insect. Belostoma employs extra-oral digestion, which allows for ingestion of larger prey than itself, including small vertebrates such as amphibians and fish. Therefore, prey immobilization during digestion is essential, and we show here that Belostoma saliva and B. anurum saliva purified LPC have paralytic activity in zebrafish. This is the first evidence that lysophospholipids might play an important role in prey immobilization, in addition to contributing to blood feeding, and might have been an evolutionary acquisition that occurred long before the appearance of hematophagy in this animal group.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.041954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,10]],"date-time":"2010-09-10T18:31:33Z","timestamp":1284143493000},"page":"3305-3310","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Paralytic activity of lysophosphatidylcholine from saliva of the waterbug<i>Belostoma anurum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"213","author":[{"given":"L\u00edvia","family":"Silva-Cardoso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica M\u00e9dica, Centro de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, PO Box 68041, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Ilha do Fund\u00e3o, Av. Bauh\u00ednia 400, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-590, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Caccin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Magnabosco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Patr\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariane","family":"Targino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica M\u00e9dica, Centro de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, PO Box 68041, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Ilha do Fund\u00e3o, Av. Bauh\u00ednia 400, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-590, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Fuly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal Fluminense, UFF, Niter\u00f3i, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giselle A.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica M\u00e9dica, Centro de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, PO Box 68041, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Ilha do Fund\u00e3o, Av. Bauh\u00ednia 400, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-590, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcos H.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria das Gra\u00e7as T.","family":"do Carmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Nutri\u00e7\u00e3o, Centro de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda S.","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Nutri\u00e7\u00e3o, Centro de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio A. C.","family":"Silva-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica M\u00e9dica, Centro de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, PO Box 68041, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Ilha do Fund\u00e3o, Av. Bauh\u00ednia 400, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-590, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cesare","family":"Montecucco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia C.","family":"Atella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica M\u00e9dica, Centro de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, PO Box 68041, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Ilha do Fund\u00e3o, Av. Bauh\u00ednia 400, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-590, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042505512883900_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2006.04.009","article-title":"Intake of trans fatty acid-rich hydrogenated fat during pregnancy and lactation inhibits the hypophagic effect of central insulin in the adult offspring","volume":"22","author":"Albuquerque","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"2021042505512883900_R2","first-page":"8","article-title":"An insight into the sialome of the oriental rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis (Rots)","volume":"16","author":"Andersen","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"2021042505512883900_R3","first-page":"7","article-title":"Comparative salivary gland transcriptomics of sandfly vectors of visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"15","author":"Anderson","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"2021042505512883900_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02190.x","article-title":"Neurochemical and behavioural changes in zebrafish Danio rerio after systemic administration of 6-hydroxydopamine and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine","volume":"88","author":"Anichtchik","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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