{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T02:26:25Z","timestamp":1779243985903,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"24","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>This in vitro study of the wall lizard Hemidactylus flaviviridis demonstrates the role of the opioid peptide dynorphin A(1\u201317) [dyn A(1\u201317)] in the regulation of the phagocytic activity of splenic phagocytes. Dyn A(1\u201317) in a concentration-dependent manner inhibited the phagocytic activity, and the maximum inhibition was recorded at a concentration of 10\u20139 mol l\u20131. To explore the receptor-mediated effect of dyn A(1\u201317), cells were treated simultaneously with the non-selective opioid receptor blocker naltrexone and dyn A(1\u201317). Naltrexone completely blocked the inhibitory effect of dyn A(1\u201317) on phagocytosis. Moreover, the involvement of selective opioid receptors was investigated using selective opioid receptor antagonists. CTAP and naltrindole, selective \u03bc- and \u03b4-opioid receptor blockers, respectively, failed to block the inhibitory effect of dyn A(1\u201317) on phagocytosis. However, the selective \u03ba-opioid receptor blocker NorBNI completely antagonized the inhibitory effect of dyn A(1\u201317). Regarding the \u03ba-opioid receptor-coupled downstream signaling cascade, the adenylate cyclase (AC) inhibitor SQ 22536 and protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89 decreased the inhibitory effect of dyn A(1\u201317) on phagocytosis. Furthermore, treatment with dyn A(1\u201317) caused an increase in intracellular cAMP content in splenic phagocytes. Thus, it can be concluded that, in H. flaviviridis, dyn A(1\u201317) negatively regulates the phagocytic activity of splenic phagocytes by acting through \u03ba-opioid receptors that are coupled with the AC\u2013cAMP\u2013PKA signal transduction mechanism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.062935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,23]],"date-time":"2011-11-23T19:17:31Z","timestamp":1322075851000},"page":"4217-4222","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Dynorphin regulates the phagocytic activity of splenic phagocytes in wall lizards: involvement of a \u03ba-opioid receptor-coupled adenylate-cyclase\u2013cAMP\u2013PKA pathway"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"214","author":[{"given":"Sunil","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umesh","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042506293091400_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2005.09.007","article-title":"Trends in the evolution of the prodynorphin gene in teleosts: cloning of eel and tilapia prodynorphin cDNAs","volume":"27","author":"Alrubaian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"2021042506293091400_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.06.028","article-title":"New kappa opioid receptor from zebrafish Danio rerio","volume":"405","author":"Alvarez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosci. 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