{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:24:24Z","timestamp":1767651864392,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Animal behavior is often organized into stereotyped sequences that promote the goals of reproduction, development, and survival. However, for most behaviors, the neural mechanisms that govern the order of execution of the motor programs within a sequence are poorly understood. An important model in understanding the hormonal determinants of behavioral sequencing is the ecdysis sequence, which is performed by insects at each developmental transition, or molt. The adult ecdysis sequence in Drosophila includes the emergence of the insect from the pupal case followed by expansion and hardening of the wings. Wing expansion is governed by the hormone bursicon, and stimulation of the bursicon-expressing neurons in newly eclosed flies induces rapid wing expansion. Here we show that that such stimulation delivered prior to eclosion has no immediate effect, but does cause rapid wing expansion after eclosion if the stimulus is delivered within 40 min of that event. We observe a similar delayed effect upon stimulation of a single pair of bursicon-expressing neurons previously identified as command neurons for wing expansion. We conclude that command neuron stimulation enables the motor output pathway for wing expansion, but that this pathway is blocked prior to eclosion. By manipulating the time of eclosion, we demonstrate that some physiological process tightly coupled to adult ecdysis releases the block on wing expansion. Eclosion thus serves as a behavioral checkpoint and complements hormonal mechanisms to ensure that wing expansion strictly follows eclosion in the ecdysis sequence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.091595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,13]],"date-time":"2013-09-13T01:11:38Z","timestamp":1379034698000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Eclosion gates progression of the adult ecdysis sequence of<i>Drosophila<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1242","author":[{"given":"Nathan C.","family":"Peabody","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Mental Health, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin H.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Mental Health, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021042507121131700_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2555","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.205.17.2555","article-title":"Mutations in the Drosophila glycoprotein hormone receptor, rickets, eliminate neuropeptide-induced tanning and selectively block a stereotyped behavioral program","volume":"205","author":"Baker","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3037","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.202.21.3037","article-title":"The hormonal coordination of behavior and physiology at adult ecdysis in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"202","author":"Baker","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00656847","article-title":"Imaginal ecdysis of cricket (Teleogryllus oceanicus). I. Organization of motor programs and roles of central and sensory control","volume":"115","author":"Carlson","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.39.3.395","article-title":"Imaginal ecdysis of blowflies \u2013 control of cuticular hardening and darkening","volume":"39","author":"Cottrell","year":"1962","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2004.06.051","article-title":"Identification of the gene encoding bursicon, an insect neuropeptide responsible for cuticle sclerotization and wing spreading","volume":"14","author":"Dewey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012532104-4\/50037-8","article-title":"Neuropeptide control of molting in insects","volume-title":"Hormones, Brain, and Behavior","author":"Ewer","year":"2002"},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7704","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-12-07704.1994","article-title":"Neuropeptide induction of cyclic GMP increases in the insect CNS: resolution at the level of single identifiable neurons","volume":"14","author":"Ewer","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.205.8.1047","article-title":"Modulation of ecdysis in the moth Manduca sexta: the roles of the suboesophageal and thoracic ganglia","volume":"205","author":"Fuse","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-008-0386-3","article-title":"Bursicon, the tanning hormone of insects: recent advances following the discovery of its molecular identity","volume":"194","author":"Honegger","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A"},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3032.1980.tb00211.x","article-title":"The imaginal ecdysis of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. II. Motor activity underlying the pre-emergence and emergence behaviour","volume":"5","author":"Hughes","year":"1980","journal-title":"Physiol. Entomol."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-02-00403.1990","article-title":"Postmetamorphic cell death in the nervous and muscular systems of Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"10","author":"Kimura","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6819","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5301-11.2012","article-title":"Genetic analysis of ecdysis behavior in Drosophila reveals partially overlapping functions of two unrelated neuropeptides","volume":"32","author":"Lahr","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3916-05.2006","article-title":"Functional dissection of a neuronal network required for cuticle tanning and wing expansion in Drosophila","volume":"26","author":"Luan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.08.028","article-title":"Refined spatial manipulation of neuronal function by combinatorial restriction of transgene expression","volume":"52","author":"Luan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3707-11.2012","article-title":"Command and compensation in a neuromodulatory decision network","volume":"32","author":"Luan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R986","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(01)00581-4","article-title":"Central pattern generators and the control of rhythmic movements","volume":"11","author":"Marder","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80963-0","article-title":"Disruption of a behavioral sequence by targeted death of peptidergic neurons in Drosophila","volume":"19","author":"McNabb","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14379","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2842-08.2008","article-title":"Bursicon functions within the Drosophila CNS to modulate wing expansion behavior, hormone secretion, and cell death","volume":"28","author":"Peabody","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3343","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4241-08.2009","article-title":"Characterization of the decision network for wing expansion in Drosophila using targeted expression of the TRPM8 channel","volume":"29","author":"Peabody","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012515400-0\/50039-7","article-title":"Hormonal, neural, and genomic mechanisms for female reproductive behaviors, motivation, and arousal","volume-title":"Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction","author":"Pfaff","year":"2006"},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0083-6729(05)73001-6","article-title":"Hormonal control of insect ecdysis: endocrine cascades for coordinating behavior with physiology","volume":"73","author":"Truman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vitam. Horm."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012515400-0\/50041-5","article-title":"Communicative behaviors, hormone\u2013behavior interactions, and reproduction in vertebrates","volume-title":"Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction","author":"Wingfield","year":"2006"},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.203.8.1329","article-title":"Excitatory and inhibitory roles of central ganglia in initiation of the insect ecdysis behavioural sequence","volume":"203","author":"\u017dit\u0148an","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-384749-2.10007-X","article-title":"Neuroendocrine regulation of ecdysis","volume-title":"Insect Endocrinology","author":"\u017dit\u0148an","year":"2012"},{"key":"2021042507121131700_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2007.04.002","article-title":"Complex steroid-peptide-receptor cascade controls insect ecdysis","volume":"153","author":"\u017dit\u0148an","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Experimental Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article-pdf\/216\/23\/4395\/1877661\/4395.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1242\/jeb.091595\/2037304\/jeb_091595.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1242\/jeb.091595\/2037304\/jeb_091595.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,6]],"date-time":"2022-03-06T04:03:28Z","timestamp":1646539408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article\/doi\/10.1242\/jeb.091595\/257448\/Eclosion-gates-progression-of-the-adult-ecdysis"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"references-count":25,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jeb.091595","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-9145","0022-0949"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1477-9145"},{"type":"print","value":"0022-0949"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"article-number":"jeb.091595"}}