{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T15:37:45Z","timestamp":1789745865532,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004836","name":"Det Frie Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006420","name":"Naturvidenskab og Teknologi, Aarhus Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006420","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Most insects have the ability to alter their cold tolerance in response to temporal temperature fluctuations, and recent studies have shown that insect cold tolerance is closely tied to the ability to maintain transmembrane ion-gradients that are important for the maintenance of cell membrane potential (Vm). Accordingly, several studies have suggested a link between preservation of Vm and cellular survival after cold stress, but none have measured Vm in this context. We tested this hypothesis by acclimating locusts (Locusta migratoria) to high (31\u00b0C) and low temperature (11\u00b0C) for four days before exposing them to cold stress (0\u00b0C) for up to 48 hours and subsequently measuring ion balance, cell survival, muscle Vm, and whole animal performance. Cold stress caused gradual muscle cell death which coincided with a loss of ion balance and depolarisation of muscle Vm. The loss of ion-balance and cell polarisation were, however, dampened markedly in cold-acclimated locusts such that the development of chill injury was reduced. To further examine the association between cellular injury and Vm we exposed in vitro muscle preparations to cold buffers with low, intermediate, or high [K+]. These experiments revealed that cellular injury during cold exposure occurs when Vm becomes severely depolarised. Interestingly we found that cellular sensitivity to hypothermic hyperkalaemia was lower in cold-acclimated locusts that were better able to defend Vm whilst exposed to high extracellular [K+]. Together these results demonstrate a mechanism of cold-acclimation in locusts that improves survival after cold stress: Increased cold tolerance is accomplished by preservation of Vm through maintenance of ion homeostasis and decreased K+-sensitivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.150813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T03:20:28Z","timestamp":1480562428000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Cold-acclimation improves chill tolerance in the migratory locust through preservation of ion balance and membrane potential"],"prefix":"10.1242","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6215-8941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mads Kuhlmann","family":"Andersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasmus","family":"Folkersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heath A.","family":"MacMillan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Overgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021042512582157900_JEB150813C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1065","article-title":"Thermal tolerance, climatic variability and latitude","volume":"267","author":"Addo-Bediako","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. 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