{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T18:24:49Z","timestamp":1780511089639,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,5,1]],"date-time":"1991-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":673056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We have used a sensitive new technique to assess the mechanism(s) of adrenergic inhibition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) red blood cell (RBC) carbon dioxide excretion in vitro. The effect was only apparent using blood acidified to simulate metabolic acidosis. Red blood cell CO2 excretion was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by physiologically relevant concentrations of noradrenaline (10\u2013 1000 nmol l\u22121) or adrenaline (100\u2013 1000 nmol l\u22121). The \u03b2 -adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol abolished the inhibitory effect of noradrenaline, whereas the ir-adrenoceptor antagonist phentolamine was without effect. The action of noradrenaline on RBC CO2 excretion was mimicked by the \u03b2-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol, but not by the \u03b1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine. Therefore, adrenergic inhibition of CO2 excretion is mediated by RBC \u03b2 -adrenoceptors, presumably of the \u03b21 subtype. The Na+\/H+ exchange inhibitor amiloride effectively blocked adrenergic stimulation of Na+\/H+ exchange (as indicated from measurements of pHe and RBC pHi) and entirely prevented the inhibition of CO2 excretion. Noradrenaline significantly reduced the rate of CO2 excretion even in the presence of the C1\u2212\/HCO3\u2212 exchange inhibitor SITS. Therefore, adrenergic inhibition of CO2 excretion is accomplished via activation of RBC Na+\/H+ exchange rather than by a direct inhibition of CC\/ HCO3\u2212 exchange. The observed relationship between CO2 excretion rates and the RBC transmembrane pH difference (pHe \u2014pHi) and the occurrence of the inhibition only at low pHe provide further evidence of the linkage with RBC Na+\/H+ exchange. We suggest that adrenergic activation of RBC Na+\/H+ exchange impedes CO2 excretion by causing a rise in intracellular HCO3\u2212levels concurrent with a reduction of intracellular . The net result is a reduced gradient for HCO3\u2212 entry into the RBC in conjunction with a diminution of the outwardly directed gradient. Thus, the rate of formation of CO2 from the dehydration of plasma HCO3\u2212 is reduced and, in turn, a portion of this CO2 is not excreted but recycled through the red blood cell.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.157.1.367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]],"date-time":"2021-04-25T03:13:25Z","timestamp":1619320405000},"page":"367-380","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Adrenergic Inhibition of Carbon Dioxide Excretion by Trout Red Blood Cells <i>In Vitro<\/i> is Mediated by Activation of Na+\/H+ Exchange"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"157","author":[{"suffix":"II","given":"S. F.","family":"Perry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ottawa Department of Biology , , 30 George Glinski, Ottawa, Ontario, KIN 6N5 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. M.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ottawa Department of Biology , , 30 George Glinski, Ottawa, Ontario, KIN 6N5 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ottawa Department of Biology , , 30 George Glinski, Ottawa, Ontario, KIN 6N5 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. J.","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ottawa Department of Biology , , 30 George Glinski, Ottawa, Ontario, KIN 6N5 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1991,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1038\/299161a0","article-title":"Modifier role of internal H+ in activating the Na+-H+ exchanger in renal microvillus membrane vesicles","volume":"299","author":"Aronson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C2","first-page":"411","article-title":"Identification of \u03b2-adrenergic receptors in teleost red blood cells","volume":"81C","author":"Bennett","year":"1985","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(88)90144-2","article-title":"Adaptive respiratory responses of trout to acute hypoxia. III. Ion movements and pH changes in the red blood cell","volume":"74","author":"Fievet","year":"1988","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(88)90018-7","article-title":"Regulation of ventilation and acid-base status in the elasmobranch Scyliorhinus stellaris during hyperoxia induced hypercapnia","volume":"71","author":"Heisler","year":"1988","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C728","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1989.256.4.C728","article-title":"Na+\/H+ exchange and pH regulation in red blood cells: The role of uncatalysed H2CO3 dehydration","volume":"256","author":"Motais","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3039","DOI":"10.1139\/z89-427","article-title":"Regulation of acid and ion transfer across the membrane of nucleated erythrocytes","volume":"67","author":"Nikinmaa","year":"1989","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1139\/z86-083","article-title":"Carbon dioxide excretion in fishes","volume":"64","author":"Perry","year":"1986","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.101.1.47","article-title":"A comparison of CO2 excretion in a spontaneously ventilating blood-perfused trout preparation and saline-perfused gill preparations: contribution of the branchial epithelium and red blood cell","volume":"101","author":"Perry","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. exp. Biol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.128.1.235","article-title":"The effects of prolonged epinephrine infusion on the physiology of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. I. Blood respiratory, acid-base and ionic status","volume":"128","author":"Perry","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. exp. Biol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2961","DOI":"10.1139\/z89-419","article-title":"Control and coordination of gas transfer in fishes","volume":"67","author":"Perry","year":"1989","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.152.1.353","article-title":"Catecholamine effects on gas exchange and ventilation in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)","volume":"152","author":"Playle","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. exp. Biol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C330","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1984.246.3.C330","article-title":"Characterization of anion transport system in trout red blood cell","volume":"246","author":"Romano","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.63.1.207","article-title":"A technique for repeated blood sampling of the blood of individual resting fish","volume":"62","author":"Soivio","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. exp. Biol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.131.1.427","article-title":"Effect of burst swimming and adrenaline infusion on O2 consumption and CO2 excretion in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri","volume":"131","author":"Steffensen","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. exp. Biol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.134.1.267","article-title":"Potency of adrenaline and noradrenaline for adrenergic proton extrusion from red cells of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri","volume":"134","author":"Tetens","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. exp. Biol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C16","first-page":"76","article-title":"Acid-base balance and oxygen transport during acute hypoxia in fish. In Animal Nutrition and Transport Processes, 2, Transport, Respiration and Excretion: Comparative and Environmental Aspects","volume-title":"Comp. Physiol","author":"Thomas","year":"1990"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.140.1.301","article-title":"In vivo and in vitro effects of adrenergic stimulation on chloride\/bicarbonate exchange in rainbow trout erythrocytes","volume":"140","author":"Tufts","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. exp. Biol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01871745","article-title":"Effects of prolonged epinephrine infusion on blood respiratory and acid-base states in the rainbow trout: Alpha and beta effects","volume":"4","author":"Vermette","year":"1988","journal-title":"Fish Physiol. Biochem"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-70610-3_1","article-title":"Respiratory, circulatory and metabolic adjustments to exercise in fish","volume-title":"In Circulation, Respiration and Metabolism","author":"Wood","year":"1985"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.157.1.349","article-title":"A new in vitro assay for carbon dioxide excretion by trout red blood cells: effects of catecholamines","volume":"157","author":"Wood","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. exp. Biol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(90)90089-H","article-title":"The control of ventilation in the skate (Raja ocellata). IL Cerebrospinal fluid chemistry, and intracellular pH in the brain and other tissues","volume":"80","author":"Wood","year":"1990","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol"},{"key":"2023012801173949500_JEXBIO_157_1_367C22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.70.3.385","article-title":"Preferential hemolysis of postnatal calf red cells induced by internal alkalinization","volume":"70","author":"Zeidler","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. gen. Physiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Experimental Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article-pdf\/157\/1\/367\/2460214\/jexbio_157_1_367.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article-pdf\/157\/1\/367\/2460214\/jexbio_157_1_367.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]],"date-time":"2023-01-28T01:39:40Z","timestamp":1674869980000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article\/157\/1\/367\/6212\/Adrenergic-Inhibition-of-Carbon-Dioxide-Excretion"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,5,1]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jeb.157.1.367","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0949","1477-9145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0949","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-9145","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,5,1]]}}}