{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:22:40Z","timestamp":1779150160848,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1159123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1159123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000006","name":"Office of Naval Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N000141410416"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N000141410416"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>The dive response, a decrease in heart rate (\u0192H) and peripheral vasoconstriction, is the key mechanism allowing breath-hold divers to perform long duration dives. This pronounced cardiovascular response to diving has been investigated intensely in pinnipeds, but comparatively little is known for cetaceans, in particular in ecologically relevant settings. Here we studied the dive \u0192H response in one the smallest cetaceans, the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). We used a novel multi-sensor data logger to record dive behaviour, \u0192H, ventilations and feeding events in three trained porpoises, providing the first evaluation of cetacean \u0192H regulation while performing a variety of natural behaviours, including prey capture. We predicted that tagged harbour porpoises would exhibit a decrease in \u0192H in all dives, but the degree of bradycardia would be influenced by dive duration and activity, i.e., the dive \u0192H response will be exercise modulated. In all dives, \u0192H decreased compared to surface rates by at least 50% (mean maximum surface=173 beats min\u22121, mean minimum dive=50 beats min\u22121); however, dive \u0192H was approximately 10 beats min\u22121 higher in active dives due to a slower decrease in \u0192H and more variable \u0192H during pursuit of prey. We show that porpoises exhibit the typical breath-hold diver bradycardia during aerobic dives and that the heart rate response is modulated by exercise and dive duration; however, other variables such as expectations and individual differences are equally important in determining diving heart rate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.168740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]],"date-time":"2018-10-09T10:21:37Z","timestamp":1539080497000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Dive heart rate in harbour porpoises is influenced by exercise and expectations"],"prefix":"10.1242","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5028-066X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birgitte I.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, California State University, 8272 Moss Landing Rd, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA"},{"name":"Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sea Mammal Research unit, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 8LB, Scotland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter T.","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021042512293448800_JEB168740C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2656.2008.01393.x","article-title":"Cheetahs of the deep sea: deep foraging sprints in short-finned pilot whales off Tenerife (Canary Islands)","volume":"77","author":"Aguilar Soto","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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