{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T16:22:19Z","timestamp":1789143739665,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003151","name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec - Nature et Technologies","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003151","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Many parasites with complex life cycles modify their intermediate host's behaviour, which has been proposed to increase transmission to their definitive host. This behavioural change could result from the parasite actively manipulating its host, but could also be explained by a mechanical effect, where the parasite's physical presence affects host behaviour. We created an artificial internal parasite using silicone injections in the body cavity to test this mechanical effect hypothesis. We used the Schistocephalus solidus - threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) system, as this cestode can reach up to 92% of its fish host mass. Our results suggest that the mass burden brought by this macroparasite alone is not sufficient to cause behavioural changes in its host. Furthermore, our results show that wall-hugging (thigmotaxis), a measure of anxiety in vertebrates, is significantly reduced in Schistocephalus-infected sticklebacks, unveiling a new altered component of behaviour that may result from manipulation by this macroparasite.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.174748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,14]],"date-time":"2018-02-14T20:35:15Z","timestamp":1518640515000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Testing the parasite mass burden effect on host behaviour alteration in the\n                    <i>Schistocephalus<\/i>\n                    -stickleback system"],"prefix":"10.1242","author":[{"given":"Lucie","family":"Gr\u00e9cias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Biologie et Institut de Biologie Int\u00e9grative et des Syst\u00e8mes (IBIS), Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Valentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Biologie et Institut de Biologie Int\u00e9grative et des Syst\u00e8mes (IBIS), Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9030-634X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia","family":"Aubin-Horth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Biologie et Institut de Biologie Int\u00e9grative et des Syst\u00e8mes (IBIS), Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021042422482348600_JEB174748C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(05)80098-3","article-title":"Female preference for long tails in lekking Jackson's widowbirds: experimental evidence","volume":"43","author":"Andersson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anim. 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