{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T05:45:36Z","timestamp":1762407936465,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006376","name":"Georgia Southern University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006376","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent work indicates that bipedal posture in lizards is advantageous during obstacle negotiation (Parker and McBrayer, 2016). However, little is known about how bipedalism occurs beyond a lizard's acceleratory threshold. Furthermore, no study to date has examined the effects of forelimb position on the body center of mass in the context of bipedalism. This study quantified the frequency of bipedalism when sprinting with vs. without an obstacle at 0.8 meters from initiating a sprint. Forelimb positions were quantified during bipedal running at the start of a sprint and when crossing an obstacle. Two species with contrasting body forms (and thus different body center of mass; BCoM) were studied (Sceloporus woodi, Aspidoscelis sexlineata) to assess potential variation due to body plan and obstacle crossing behavior. No significant difference in frequency of bipedalism was observed in S. woodi with or without an obstacle. However, A. sexlineata primarily used a bipedal posture when sprinting. Forelimb positions were variable in S. woodi and stereotyped in A. sexlineata. Caudal extension of the forelimbs helped shift the BCoM posteriorly and transition to, or maintain, a bipedal posture in A. sexlineata, but not S. woodi. The posterior shift in BCoM, aided by more caudally placed forelimbs, helps raise the trunk from the ground, regardless of obstacle presence. The body plan, specifically the length of the trunk and tail, and forelimb position work together with acceleration to shift the BCoM posteriorly to transition to a bipedal posture. Thus, species exhibit morphological and behavioral adjustments to transition to and maintain facultative bipedalism while sprinting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.185975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,26]],"date-time":"2018-10-26T11:40:05Z","timestamp":1540554005000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Forelimb position affects facultative bipedal locomotion in lizards"],"prefix":"10.1242","author":[{"given":"Chase T.","family":"Kinsey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8042-1, Statesboro GA 30460, USA"},{"name":"Current address: Department of Biological Sciences, 132 Long Hall, Clemson University, Clemson SC 29634, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2395-7078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lance D.","family":"McBrayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8042-1, Statesboro GA 30460, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021042513280364800_JEB185975C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2003.1342","article-title":"Bipedalism in lizards: whole-body modelling reveals a possible spandrel","volume":"358","author":"Aerts","year":"2003","journal-title":"Philos. 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