{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T02:53:30Z","timestamp":1790996010579,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,15]],"date-time":"2000-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":971568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Reptiles habitually ingest large meals at infrequent intervals, leading to changes in acid\u2013base status as the net secretion of acid to the stomach causes a metabolic alkalosis (the alkaline tide). In chronically cannulated and undisturbed amphibians and reptiles, the pH changes in arterial blood are, nevertheless, reduced by a concomitant respiratory acidosis (increased caused by a relative hypoventilation). Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) have been reported to exhibit exceptionally large increases in plasma [HCO3\u2212] following feeding, but these studies were based on blood samples obtained by cardiac puncture, so stress and disturbance may have affected the blood gas levels. Furthermore, crocodilian haemoglobin is characterised by a unique binding of HCO3\u2212 that act to reduce blood oxygen-affinity, and it has been proposed that this feature safeguards oxygen offloading by counteracting pH effects on blood oxygen-affinity. Therefore, to study acid\u2013base regulation and the interaction between the alkaline tide and oxygen transport in more detail, we describe the arterial blood gas composition of chronically cannulated and undisturbed alligators before and after voluntary feeding (meal size 7.5\u00b11 % of body mass).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Digestion was associated with an approximately fourfold increase in metabolic rate (from 0.63\u00b10.04 to 2.32\u00b10.24 ml O2 min\u22121 kg\u22121) and was accompanied by a small increase in the respiratory gas exchange ratio. The arterial of fasting alligators was 60.3\u00b16.8 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and reached a maximum of 81.3\u00b12.7 mmHg at 96 h following feeding; there was only a small increase in lactate levels, so the increased metabolic rate seems to be entirely aerobic. Plasma [HCO3\u2212] increased from 24.4\u00b11.1 to 36.9\u00b11.7 mmol l\u22121 (at 24 h), but since arterial increased from 29.0\u00b11.1 to 36.8\u00b11.3 mmHg, arterial pH remained virtually unaffected (changing from 7.51\u00b10.01 to 7.58\u00b10.01 at 24 h). The changes in plasma [HCO3\u2212] were mirrored by equimolar reductions in plasma [Cl\u2212]. The in vitro blood oxygen-affinity was reduced during the post-prandial period, whereas the estimated in vivo blood oxygen-affinity remained virtually constant. This supports the view that the specific HCO3\u2212 effect prevents an increased blood oxygen-affinity during digestion in alligators.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.203.20.3117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]],"date-time":"2021-04-25T04:35:40Z","timestamp":1619325340000},"page":"3117-3124","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Effects of Feeding on Arterial Blood Gases in the American Alligator <i>Alligator Mississippiensis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"203","author":[{"given":"Morten","family":"Busk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern Denmark Main Campus 1 Institute of Biology , , , 5230 Odense M, Denmark,"},{"name":"Odense University 1 Institute of Biology , , , 5230 Odense M, Denmark,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Overgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aarhus University 2 Institute of Biology , , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James W.","family":"Hicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California 3 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology , , Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert F.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California 3 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology , , Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Birmingham 4 School of Biosciences , , Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024121805113955100_JEXBIO_203_20_3117C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8429","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)68861-7","article-title":"Analysis of bicarbonate binding to crocodilian hemoglobin","volume":"256","author":"Bauer","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. 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