{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T19:50:27Z","timestamp":1759693827255,"version":"3.30.2"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]],"date-time":"2000-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":951868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>To understand better how complex interactions between environmental variables affect the energy balance of small diurnal animals, we studied the effects of the absence and presence of 950 W m\u22122 simulated solar radiation combined with wind speeds ranging from 0.25 to 1.00 m s\u22121 on the metabolic rate and body temperature of the round-tailed ground squirrel Spermophilus tereticaudus. As wind speed increased from 0.25 to 1.00 m s\u22121, metabolic heat production increased by 0.94 W in the absence of solar radiation and by 0.98 W in the presence of 950 W m\u22122 simulated solar radiation. Exposure to simulated solar radiation reduced metabolic heat production by 0.68 W at a wind speed of 0.25 m s\u22121, by 0.64 W at 0.50 m s\u22121 and by 0.64 W at 1.00 m s\u22121. Body temperature was significantly affected by environmental conditions, ranging from 32.5 \u00b0C at a wind speed of 1.0 m s\u22121 and no irradiance to 35.6 \u00b0C at a wind speed of 0.50 m s\u22121 with 950 W m\u22122 short-wave irradiance.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>In addition, several unusual findings resulted from this study. The coat of S. tereticaudus is very sparse, and the observed heat transfer of 5.68\u00b10.37 W m\u22122 \u00b0C\u22121 (mean \u00b1 S.E.M., N=11) is much higher than expected from either allometric equations or comparative studies with other rodents of similar mass. Solar heat gain was remarkably low, equalling only 10 % of intercepted radiation and suggesting a remarkably high regional thermal resistance at the tissue level. Animals remained normally active and alert at body temperatures as low as 32.5 \u00b0C. These findings suggest a unique combination of adaptations that allow S. tereticaudus to exploit a harsh desert environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.203.5.879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]],"date-time":"2021-04-25T05:39:49Z","timestamp":1619329189000},"page":"879-888","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of Wind and Solar Radiation on Metabolic Heat Production in a Small Desert Rodent, <i>Spermophilus Tereticaudus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"203","author":[{"given":"K. Mark","family":"Wooden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State University Department of Biology , , Tempe, AZ 85287-1501, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Glenn E.","family":"Walsberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State University Department of Biology , , Tempe, AZ 85287-1501, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024121804035491600_JEXBIO_203_5_879C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9629(81)90145-6","article-title":"Thermal conductance in mammals and birds: its dependence on body size and circadian phase","volume":"69A","author":"Aschoff","year":"1981","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. 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