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The goal of this study was to investigate the stability of body temperature in large fish using data from field experiments. We measured the muscle temperatures of free-ranging whale sharks (Rhincodon typus), the largest extant fish globally, and investigated their ectothermic physiology and the stability of their body temperature. The muscle temperature changed substantially more slowly than the water temperature fluctuations associated with vertical movements, and the whole-body heat-transfer coefficients (HTCs) of whale sharks estimated using heat-budget models were lower than those of any other fish species measured to date. The heat-budget models also showed that internal heat production does not contribute to changes in muscle temperature. A comparative analysis showed that the HTC at cooling in various fish species including both ectothermic and endothermic species ranging from 10\u22124 to 103 kg was proportional to body mass\u22120.63. This allometry was present regardless of whether the fish were ectothermic or endothermic, and was an extension of the relationship observed in previous studies on small fish. Thus, large fish have the advantage of body temperature stability while moving in environments with large temperature variations. Our results suggest that the large body size of whale sharks aids in preventing a decrease in body temperature during deep excursions to more than 1000\u2005m depths without high metabolic costs of producing heat.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.210286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]],"date-time":"2020-05-04T10:44:27Z","timestamp":1588589067000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Body temperature stability in the whale shark, the world's largest fish"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"223","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1386-7266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Itsumi","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University 1 , 1551-7 Tairamachi, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 851-2213 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium 2 , 888 Ishikawa, Motobucho, Kunigamigun, Okinawa 905-0206 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsufumi","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo 3 , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041419085200200_JEB210286C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-9640-2_12","article-title":"Body temperature of the Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.) in the Western Mediterranean","author":"Addis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tagging and Tracking of Marine Animals with Electronic Devices"},{"key":"2026041419085200200_JEB210286C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2419.2004.00323.x","article-title":"Mechanism of body cavity temperature regulation of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) during homing migration in the North Pacific Ocean","volume":"14","author":"Azumaya","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fish. 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