{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T06:16:27Z","timestamp":1775715387072,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Terrestrial locomotor behavior in variable environments requires resilience to sudden changes in substrate properties. For example, walking animals can adjust to substantial changes in slope and corresponding changes in load distribution among legs. In insects, slope-dependent adjustments have mainly been examined under steady-state conditions, whereas the transition dynamics have been largely neglected. In a previous study, we showed that steady-state adjustments of stick insects to \u00b145\u00a0deg slopes involve substantial changes in joint torques and muscle activity with only minor changes in leg kinematics. Here, we took a close look at the time course of these adjustments as stick insects compensate for various kinds of disturbances to load distribution. In particular, we tested whether the transition from one steady state to another involves distinct transition steps or follows a graded process. To resolve this, we combined simultaneous recordings of whole-body kinematics and hindleg muscle activity to elucidate how freely walking Carausius morosus negotiated a step-change in substrate slope. Step-by-step adjustments revealed that muscle activity changed in a graded manner as a function of body pitch relative to gravity. We further show analogous transient adjustment of muscle activity in response to destabilizing lift-off events of neighboring legs and the disappearance of antagonist co-activation during crawling episodes. Given these three examples of load-dependent regulation of antagonist muscle co-contraction, we conclude that stick insects respond to both transient and sustained changes in load distribution by regulating joint stiffness rather than through distinct transition steps.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.244361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T10:59:23Z","timestamp":1661857163000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Locomotor resilience through load-dependent modulation of muscle co-contraction"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"225","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7553-4742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yannick","family":"G\u00fcnzel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bielefeld University 1 Department of Biological Cybernetics, Faculty of Biology , , Bielefeld 33615 , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2054-9124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josef","family":"Schmitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bielefeld University 1 Department of Biological Cybernetics, Faculty of Biology , , Bielefeld 33615 , Germany"},{"name":"Cognitive Interaction Technology Center of Excellence, Bielefeld University 2 , Bielefeld 33615 , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9239-4964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Volker","family":"D\u00fcrr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bielefeld University 1 Department of Biological Cybernetics, Faculty of Biology , , Bielefeld 33615 , Germany"},{"name":"Cognitive Interaction Technology Center of Excellence, Bielefeld University 2 , Bielefeld 33615 , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01271.2003","article-title":"Signals from load sensors underlie interjoint coordination during stepping movements of the stick insect leg","volume":"92","author":"Akay","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3285","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5202-06.2007","article-title":"Segment specificity of load signal processing depends on walking direction in the stick insect leg muscle control system","volume":"27","author":"Akay","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00272558","article-title":"Zur Bedeutung der Antennen f\u00fcr die Wahrnehmung der Schwerkraftrichtung bei der Stabheuschrecke Carausius morosus","volume":"9","author":"B\u00e4ssler","year":"1971","journal-title":"Kybernetik"},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.199.10.2185","article-title":"Contributions of structure and innervation pattern of the stick insect extensor tibiae muscle to the filter characteristics of the muscle-joint system","volume":"199","author":"B\u00e4ssler","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2006.1911","article-title":"Intelligence by mechanics","volume":"365","author":"Blickhan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C6","first-page":"89","article-title":"Biological actuators are not just springs investigating muscle dynamics and control signals","author":"B\u00fchrmann","year":"2006"},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00606541","article-title":"The function of the legs in the free walking stick insect, Carausius morosus","volume":"112","author":"Cruse","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A"},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20151708","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2015.1708","article-title":"Joint torques in a freely walking insect reveal distinct functions of leg joints in propulsion and posture control","volume":"283","author":"Dallmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2017.1755","article-title":"A load-based mechanism for inter-leg coordination in insects","volume":"284","author":"Dallmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb188748","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.188748","article-title":"Motor control of an insect leg during level and incline walking","volume":"222","author":"Dallmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00228972","article-title":"Wrist muscle activation patterns and stiffness associated with stable and unstable mechanical loads","volume":"86","author":"De Serres","year":"1991","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.198.9.1963","article-title":"Motor patterns for horizontal and upside down walking and vertical climbing in the locust","volume":"198","author":"Duch","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-017-2412-3","article-title":"Motor flexibility in insects: adaptive coordination of limbs in locomotion and near-range exploration","volume":"72","author":"D\u00fcrr","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4256","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00065.2005","article-title":"Computer simulation of stepping in the hind legs of the cat: An examination of mechanisms regulating the stance-to-swing transition","volume":"94","author":"Ekeberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.10.006","article-title":"Computational mechanisms of sensorimotor control","volume":"72","author":"Franklin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1937.10503522","article-title":"The use of ranks to avoid the assumption of normality implicit in the analysis of variance","volume":"32","author":"Friedman","year":"1937","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.149.1.307","article-title":"Energetics of ascent: insects on Inclines","volume":"317","author":"Full","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0355","article-title":"Neuromuscular strategies for the transitions between level and hill surfaces during walking","volume":"366","author":"Gottschall","year":"2011","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.104.1.129","article-title":"Insects are both impeded and propelled by their legs during walking","volume":"104","author":"Graham","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3032.1981.tb00638.x","article-title":"Motor output to the protractor and retractor coxae muscles in stick insects walking on a treadwheel","volume":"6","author":"Graham","year":"1981","journal-title":"Physiol. Entomol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01300.2004","article-title":"Mechanics of slope walking in the cat: Quantification of muscle load, length change, and ankle extensor EMG patterns","volume":"95","author":"Gregor","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01020.2002","article-title":"Role of cocontraction in arm movement accuracy","volume":"89","author":"Gribble","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(02)00183-5","article-title":"Joint stiffness of the ankle and the knee in running","volume":"35","author":"G\u00fcnther","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5061\/dryad.mw6m9060g","article-title":"Locomotor resilience through load-dependent modulation of muscle co-contraction","author":"G\u00fcnzel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dryad, Dataset."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-019-01334-4","article-title":"Identification of the origin of force-feedback signals influencing motor neurons of the thoraco-coxal joint in an insect","volume":"205","author":"Haberkorn","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A"},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1007437","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1007437","article-title":"Evaluation of linear and non-linear activation dynamics models for insect muscle","volume":"15","author":"Harischandra","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01283.2006","article-title":"Slow temporal filtering may largely explain the transformation of stick insect (Carausius morosus) extensor motor neuron activity into muscle movement","volume":"98","author":"Hooper","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.41.030179.000531","article-title":"Regulation of stiffness by skeletomotor reflexes","volume":"41","author":"Houk","year":"1979","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(78)90101-4","article-title":"Locomotory activity in the extensor and flexor tibiae of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana","volume":"24","author":"Krauthamer","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00239925","article-title":"Effects of load inversion in cockroach walking","volume":"176","author":"Larsen","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A Neuroethol. Sensory Neural Behav. Physiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2006.05.023","article-title":"The effects of sloped surfaces on locomotion: an electromyographic analysis","volume":"40","author":"Lay","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470748916.ch6","article-title":"Bootstrap hypothesis testing","author":"Mackinnon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Handbook of Computational Econometrics"},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3175","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.00534","article-title":"Load compensation in targeted limb movements of an insect","volume":"206","author":"Matheson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e109204","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109204","article-title":"Kinematic responses to changes in walking orientation and gravitational load in drosophila melanogaster","volume":"9","author":"Mendes","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/614362","article-title":"Walking kinematics in the polymorphic seed harvester ant Messor barbarus: influence of body size and load carriage","volume":"223","author":"Merienne","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.113688","article-title":"Preparing the leg for ground contact in running: the contribution of feed-forward and visual feedback","volume":"218","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-001-0247-9","article-title":"Force detection in cockroach walking reconsidered: discharges of proximal tibial campaniform sensilla when body load is altered","volume":"187","author":"Noah","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A Sensory Neural Behav. Physiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2012.0669","article-title":"Simple robot suggests physical interlimb communication is essential for quadruped walking","volume":"10","author":"Owaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. R Soc. Interface"},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbot.2017.00029","article-title":"A minimal model describing hexapedal interlimb coordination: The tegotae-based approach","volume":"11","author":"Owaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Neurorobot."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00922.2007","article-title":"Motor control of aimed limb movements in an insect","volume":"99","author":"Page","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1999.81.3.1432","article-title":"Active signaling of leg loading and unloading in the cockroach","volume":"81","author":"Ridgel","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s003590050436","article-title":"Encoding of forces by cockroach tibial campaniform sensilla: Implications in dynamic control of posture and locomotion","volume":"186","author":"Ridgel","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A Sensory Neural Behav. Physiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00362.2010","article-title":"Activity patterns and timing of muscle activity in the forward walking and backward walking stick insect Carausius morosus","volume":"104","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.183.1.15","article-title":"Load-compensating reactions in the proximal leg joints of stick insects during standing and walking","volume":"183","author":"Schmitz","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4695(200003)42:4&lt;424::AID-NEU4&gt;3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Convergence of load and movement information onto leg motoneurons in insects","volume":"42","author":"Schmitz","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurobiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-9994-5-8","article-title":"Walking on inclines: how do desert ants monitor slope and step length?","volume":"5","author":"Seidl","year":"2008","journal-title":"Front. Zool."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00612698","article-title":"Proprioceptive indentation of the campaniform sensilla of cockroach legs","volume":"96","author":"Spinola","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A"},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2006.02.069","article-title":"Octopuses use a human-like strategy to control precise point-to-point arm movements","volume":"16","author":"Sumbre","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb189142","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.189142","article-title":"Static stability predicts the continuum of interleg coordination patterns in Drosophila","volume":"221","author":"Szczecinski","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0085321","article-title":"Insects use two distinct classes of steps during unrestrained locomotion","volume":"8","author":"Theunissen","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.06.070","article-title":"Mechanosensation and adaptive motor control in insects","volume":"26","author":"Tuthill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/00031305.2019.1583913","article-title":"Moving to a world beyond \u201cp&lt;0.05\u201d","volume":"73","author":"Wasserstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. Stat."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-009-0475-y","article-title":"Comparing inclined locomotion in a ground-living and a climbing ant species: sagittal plane kinematics","volume":"195","author":"Weihmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A"},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00339475","article-title":"\u00dcber den Anteil der Antennen an der Schwererezeption der Stabheuschrecke Carausius morosus Br","volume":"51","author":"Wendler","year":"1965","journal-title":"Z. Vgl. Physiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2418","DOI":"10.1109\/TMECH.2015.2501019","article-title":"Variable stiffness actuators: Review on design and components","volume":"21","author":"Wolf","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE\/ASME Trans. Mechatronics"},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00739.2006","article-title":"Analyzing octopus movements using three-dimensional reconstruction","volume":"98","author":"Yekutieli","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4995","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0161-06.2006","article-title":"Co-contraction and passive forces facilitate load compensation of aimed limb movements","volume":"26","author":"Zakotnik","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asd.2004.05.005","article-title":"Load sensing and control of posture and locomotion","volume":"33","author":"Zill","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthropod. Struct. Dev."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00056.2009","article-title":"Sensory signals of unloading in one leg follow stance onset in another leg: Transfer of load and emergent coordination in cockroach walking","volume":"101","author":"Zill","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"2022092707494957900_JEB244361C57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00274.2012","article-title":"Force encoding in stick insect legs delineates a reference frame for motor control","volume":"108","author":"Zill","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Experimental Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1242\/jeb.244361\/2159747\/jeb244361.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1242\/jeb.244361\/2169857\/jeb244361.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1242\/jeb.244361\/2169857\/jeb244361.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T07:50:03Z","timestamp":1664265003000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/jeb\/article\/225\/18\/jeb244361\/276888\/Locomotor-resilience-through-load-dependent"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jeb.244361","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0949","1477-9145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0949","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-9145","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]]},"article-number":"jeb244361"}}