{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T23:36:18Z","timestamp":1767828978195,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]],"date-time":"2023-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002241","name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["JPMJCR14D5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJCR14D5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["JP17H06150"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP17H06150"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22K19795"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K19795"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22H00216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22H00216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute","award":["2018A1240"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018A1240"]}]},{"name":"Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute","award":["2018A1244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018A1244"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Rapid movements of limbs and appendages, faster than those produced by simple muscle contraction alone, are generated through mechanical networks consisting of springs and latches. The latch plays a central role in these spring-loaded mechanisms, but the structural details of the latch are not always known. The mandibles of the trap-jaw ant Odontomachus kuroiwae closes the mandible extremely quickly to capture prey or to perform mandible-powered defensive jumps to avoid potential threats. The jump is mediated by a mechanical spring and latch system embodied in the mandible. An ant can strike the tip of the mandible onto the surface of an obstacle (prey, predator or ground) in order to bounce its body away from potential threats. The angular velocity of the closing mandible was 2.3\u00d7104\u00a0rad\u00a0s\u22121 (1.3\u00d7106\u00a0deg\u00a0s\u22121). Latching of the joint is a key mechanism to aid the storage of energy required to power the ballistic movements of the mandibles. We have identified the fine structure of two latch systems on the mandible forming a \u2018ball joint\u2019 using an X-ray micro-computational tomography system (X-ray micro-CT) and X-ray live imaging with a synchrotron. Here, we describe the surface of the inner section of the socket and a projection on the lip of the ball. The X-ray live imaging and movements of the 3D model show that the ball with a detent ridge slipped into a socket and over the socket ridge before snapping back at the groove edge. Our results give insight into the complex spring-latch systems that underpin ultra-fast movements in biological systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.245396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T15:20:59Z","timestamp":1681226459000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Embodied latch mechanism of the mandible to power at ultra-high speed in the trap-jaw ant <i>Odontomachus kuroiwae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"226","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8380-1820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Aonuma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Science, Kobe University 1 , 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501 , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3171-958X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keisuke","family":"Naniwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Science, Kobe University 1 , 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501 , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8068-3777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Sugimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka University 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering , , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4545-5458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyohsuke","family":"Ohkawara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University 3 Division of Biological Sciences , , Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192 , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3001-7690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katsushi","family":"Kagaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo 4 , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023052918040130800_JEB245396C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb228874","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.228874","article-title":"Serotonergic control in initiating defensive responses to unexpected tactile stimuli in the trap-jaw ant Odontomachus kuroiwae","volume":"233","author":"Aonuma","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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