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During the hibernation season, many species of hibernating mammals cycle repeatedly between the active (aroused) and hibernating (torpid) states (T\u2013A cycling), using brown adipose tissue (BAT) to drive cyclical rewarming. The regulatory mechanisms controlling this process remain undefined but are presumed to involve thermoregulatory centres in the hypothalamus. Here, we used the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), and high-resolution monitoring of BAT, core body temperature and ventilation rate, to sample at precisely defined phases of the T\u2013A cycle. Using c-fos as a marker of cellular activity, we show that although the dorsomedial hypothalamus is active during torpor entry, neither it nor the pre-optic area shows any significant changes during the earliest stages of spontaneous arousal. Contrastingly, in three non-neuronal sites previously linked to control of metabolic physiology over seasonal and daily time scales \u2013 the choroid plexus, pars tuberalis and third ventricle tanycytes \u2013 peak c-fos expression is seen at arousal initiation. We suggest that through their sensitivity to factors in the blood or cerebrospinal fluid, these sites may mediate metabolic feedback-based initiation of the spontaneous arousal process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.247224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T08:51:01Z","timestamp":1714553461000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["<i>c-fos<\/i> induction in the choroid plexus, tanycytes and pars tuberalis is an early indicator of spontaneous arousal from torpor in a deep hibernator"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"227","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8456-5494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fredrik A. F.","family":"Markussen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arctic Seasonal Timekeeping Initiative (ASTI), Arctic Chronobiology and Physiology, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology , Troms\u00f8, NO-9037 , Norway"},{"name":", BFE, UiT \u2013 The Arctic University of Norway Department of Arctic and Marine Biology , Troms\u00f8, NO-9037 , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"C\u00e1zarez-M\u00e1rquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arctic Seasonal Timekeeping Initiative (ASTI), Arctic Chronobiology and Physiology, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology , Troms\u00f8, NO-9037 , Norway"},{"name":", BFE, UiT \u2013 The Arctic University of Norway Department of Arctic and Marine Biology , Troms\u00f8, NO-9037 , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vebj\u00f8rn J.","family":"Melum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arctic Seasonal Timekeeping Initiative (ASTI), Arctic Chronobiology and Physiology, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology , Troms\u00f8, NO-9037 , Norway"},{"name":", BFE, UiT \u2013 The Arctic University of Norway Department of Arctic and Marine Biology , Troms\u00f8, NO-9037 , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4884-8409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David G.","family":"Hazlerigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arctic Seasonal Timekeeping Initiative (ASTI), Arctic Chronobiology and Physiology, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology , Troms\u00f8, NO-9037 , Norway"},{"name":", BFE, UiT \u2013 The Arctic University of Norway Department of Arctic and Marine Biology , Troms\u00f8, NO-9037 , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8273-4045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shona H.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arctic Seasonal Timekeeping Initiative (ASTI), Arctic Chronobiology and Physiology, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology , Troms\u00f8, NO-9037 , Norway"},{"name":", BFE, UiT \u2013 The Arctic University of Norway Department of Arctic and Marine Biology , Troms\u00f8, NO-9037 , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052309123485400_JEB247224C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.12.015","article-title":"Hypothalamic tanycytes are an ERK-gated conduit for leptin into the brain","volume":"19","author":"Balland,","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"2024052309123485400_JEB247224C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14473","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1919887117","article-title":"Hypothalamic tanycytes generate acute hyperphagia through activation of the arcuate neuronal network","volume":"117","author":"Bolborea","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. 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