{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T04:36:37Z","timestamp":1788323797913,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-2\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003074","name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PICT 2019-00724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT 2019-00724"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003074","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005363","name":"Universidad de Buenos Aires","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20020170100254BA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20020170100254BA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005363","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The ability to prioritize relevant stimuli over distracting ones is essential for adaptive behavior, particularly in species with limited sensory systems. In the mudflat crab Neohelice granulata, a moving object on the ground (dummy) can elicit either avoidance or pursuit, indicating that the same stimulus may be interpreted as predator or prey. Previous studies have shown that the probability of these opposite responses depends on both stimulus features (e.g. size, speed) and intrinsic animal attributes (e.g. sex, hunger level). Here, we investigated how social context \u2013 a factor independent of both stimulus properties and individual traits \u2013 affects responses to the dummy. Using a controlled experimental design, we tested whether the presence, proximity and behavior of a conspecific of the same or opposite sex modulate individual responses. We found that, irrespective of sex, crabs tested in pairs showed significantly reduced exploratory activity and a lower probability of responding to the dummy compared with solitary crabs. Notably, this reduction occurred only when individuals were within 15\u2005cm of each other. Furthermore, in the presence of a conspecific, crabs initiated avoidance or predatory responses at shorter distances to the dummy, suggesting delayed decision making because of divided attention. In contrast, freezing distance remained unchanged across social conditions, indicating that active responses such as escape or predation are selectively modulated by social proximity. Overall, our results reveal a complex interplay between social context, attention and decision making. Crabs adjust their perceptual and behavioral strategies according to social cues, highlighting the influence of social factors on survival in fluctuating environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.251787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T08:28:26Z","timestamp":1773390506000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Conspecific proximity alters crabs' attention to novel visual stimuli"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"229","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4392-2377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla A.","family":"Salido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Buenos Aires , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular , , C1428EHA Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiolog\u00eda, Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular , , C1428EHA Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian J.","family":"Gancedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Buenos Aires , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular , , C1428EHA Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiolog\u00eda, Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular , , C1428EHA Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2273-5927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Tomsic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Buenos Aires , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular , , C1428EHA Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiolog\u00eda, Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular , , C1428EHA Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041704295765600_JEB251787C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb234963","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.234963","article-title":"Evidence of predictive selective attention in fiddler crabs during escape in the natural environment","volume":"223","author":"Bagheri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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Fish Biol."},{"key":"2026041704295765600_JEB251787C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-2979.2003.00122.x","article-title":"Social learning in fishes: a review","volume":"4","author":"Brown","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fish Fish."},{"key":"2026041704295765600_JEB251787C6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.1998.0852","article-title":"Shyness and boldness in pumpkinseed sunfish: Individual differences are context-specific","volume":"56","author":"Coleman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"2026041704295765600_JEB251787C7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1670\/0022-1511(2007)41[197:NSAAPO]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Number, speeds, and approach paths of predators affect escape behavior by the Balearic lizard, Podarcis lilfordi","volume":"41","author":"Cooper","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Herpetol."},{"key":"2026041704295765600_JEB251787C8","first-page":"896","article-title":"Individuality, exploiration and foraging in hand raised juvenile Great Tits","volume-title":"Proceedings 22 Int. Ornithol. Congr., Durban","author":"Drent","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026041704295765600_JEB251787C9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1159\/000076781","article-title":"Causes and consequences of limited attention","volume":"63","author":"Dukas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Evol."},{"key":"2026041704295765600_JEB251787C10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2011.03181.x","article-title":"Kin and familiarity influence association preferences and aggression in the mangrove killifish Kryptolebias marmoratus","volume":"80","author":"Edenbrow","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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Biol."},{"key":"2026041704295765600_JEB251787C17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2008.07.074","article-title":"Speed-accuracy tradeoffs and false alarms in bee responses to cryptic predators","volume":"18","author":"Ings","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2026041704295765600_JEB251787C18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s10144-009-0185-x","article-title":"The effect of learning and search images on predator\u2013prey interactions","volume":"52","author":"Ishii","year":"2010","journal-title":"Popul. Ecol."},{"key":"2026041704295765600_JEB251787C19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beproc.2018.01.003","article-title":"Grouping promotes risk-taking in unfamiliar settings","volume":"148","author":"Kareklas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav. 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Neophobia and habituation in zebra finches","volume":"127","author":"St. Lawrence","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ethology"},{"key":"2026041704295765600_JEB251787C37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2627","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2005.3251","article-title":"Fear in animals: a meta-analysis and review of risk assessment","volume":"272","author":"Stankowich","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. 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